1. Chapter 3 Intercultural Communication
COMMUNICATE!
Chapter 3
Intercultural Communication

2. Learning Outcomes
LO1 Examine what a culture is and the role of communication in it LO2 Discuss relationships between dominant and co-cultures LO3 Analyze how cultural identity affects communication LO4 Explain the inherent barriers in intercultural communication LO5 Explore how to improve intercultural competence

3. Examine what a culture is and the role of communication
LO1
Examine what a culture is and the role of communication
in it

4. Culture
System of shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and norms that guide what is considered appropriate among an identifiable group of people.
LO1

5. Values LO1 Values Commonly accepted standards Ideal values
Ones members profess to hold
Real values
Ones that guide actual behavior
LO1

6. Intercultural Communication
Interactions between people whose cultures are so different that communication between them is altered
Culture shock
Psychological discomfort when engaging in a new cultural situation
LO1

7. Intercultural Communication
Communication is both way culture is transmitted and way it is modified
LO1

8. Discuss relationships between dominant and co-cultures
LO2
Discuss relationships between dominant and co-cultures

9. Dominant Culture
Learned system of norms held by the majority group of empowered people in a society.
LO2

10. Co-Culture
Group comprised of smaller number of people whose values, attitudes, beliefs, and customs differ from the dominant culture.
Members sometimes code switch
LO2

11. Analyze how cultural identity affects communication
LO3
Analyze how cultural identity affects communication

12. Cultural Identity
Part of self-concept based on how closely we associate with both the dominant culture and the various
co-cultures.
LO3

13. Co-Cultures Formed Around Shared Beliefs and Values
LO3
Race/Perceived Race
Ethnicity
Native Language
Sex and Gender
Sexual Orientation
Religion
Socioeconomic Status
Age/Generation
Disability

14. How Cultures Differ Individualism-Collectivism Individualistic
Values personal rights and responsibilities
Collectivistic
Values community and collaboration
LO3

15. How Cultures Differ Context LO3 Low-context
Speakers use words to convey the meaning of a message
High-context
Much of message understood from context
LO3

16. How Cultures Differ Chronemics LO3 Monochronic cultures
View time as series of small units that occur sequentially
Polychronic cultures
View time as continuous flow
LO3

17. How Cultures Differ Uncertainty avoidance Low uncertainty-avoidance
Extent to which people desire to predict what is going to happen
High uncertainty-avoidance
Have low tolerance for uncertainty and need to control
LO3

18. How Cultures Differ LO3 Power Distance High power distance
Unequal distribution of power is accepted
Low power distance
Member prefer power to be more equally distributed
LO3

19. How Cultures Differ Masculinity-Femininity Masculine Culture
Men and women are expected to adhere to traditional sex roles
Feminine Culture
People assume variety of roles regardless of sex
LO3

20. How Cultures Differ Long-Term/Short-Term Orientation
Values static rewards in the here and now
Long-Term Orientation
Emphasizes potential future rewards
LO3

21. Cross-Cultural Adaptation
Understanding how cultures differ becomes critical when we interact because it helps us empathize and adapt our communication patterns.
LO3

22. Explain the inherent barriers in intercultural communication
LO4
Explain the inherent barriers in intercultural communication

23. Potential Barriers to Effective Intercultural Communication
Anxiety
Assumed similarity or difference
Ethnocentrism
Stereotyping
Incompatible communication codes
Incompatible norms and values
LO4

24. Explore how to improve intercultural competence

25. Acquire Accurate Knowledge
Formal study
Observation
Immersion
Participant observation
Use diverse resources
LO5

26. Adopt an Appropriate Attitude
Tolerate ambiguity
Be open-minded
Be altruistic
Egocentricity
LO5

27. Develop Culture-Centered Skills
Practice listening
Practice intercultural empathy
Develop flexibility
LO5