1. Textbook pages25-28 Q 4-7,9,12-22,29,35,36 Page 106 Q 5-7
Exam Review Questions
Textbook pages25-28 Q 4-7,9,12-22,29,35,36
Page 106 Q 5-7

2. 4. What is the longest bone in the body?
femur

3. 5. What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Axial Skeleton protection, attachment, movement, support
Appendicular Skeleton attachment, movement, support, blood cell formation & mineral reservoir.
(calcium & phosphorus)

4. 6. What are the functions of the vertebral column?
Support and protect spinal cord

5. 7. Name the types of bones. Which type is important for movement?
Long (movement- muscle attachment)
Short
Flat
Irregular

6. 9. How do the axial and appendicular skeletons differ in terms of their main function?
Axial Skeleton protection, attachment, movement, support
Appendicular Skeleton attachment, movement, support, blood cell formation & mineral reservoir.
(calcium & phosphorus)

7. 12. What are the end and the shafts of a long bone called?

8. 13. What would you find in the medullary cavity of a long bone?
Yellow bone marrow

9. 14. What factory affect the stability of a joint?
Shape of bones
Area over which the bones are in contact
Flexibility of the ligaments
Other soft tissue (muscles, tendons, joint capsule) how strong , loose they are…
The more mobility the less stability.

10. Name and describe the types of synovial joints in the body
Name and describe the types of synovial joints in the body. Which type of joint has the most movement?
Gliding- btwn tarsals/carpals
Hinge- elbow joint
Pivot- radioulnar joint
Condyloid- radius and carpals
Saddle- carpal-metacarpal joint
Ball & socket- shoulder,hip (most movement)

11. 16. How do fibrous, cartilagenous & synovial joints differ?
Fibrous- no movement (skull)
Cartilagenous- limited movement (vertebral column)
Synovial- freely moving.

12. 17. What type of joint is the elbow?
hinge

13. 18. Where is articular cartilage found and what is its function?
Ends of long bones
Protect the ends of bones, reduce friction

14. 19. Where is synovial fluid found and what is its function?
In a synovial joint
Lubricates, reduces friction and provides nutrients to joint

15. 20. Where are the bursae commonly found?
Found where two structures rub together
Reduce friction

16. 21. A tendon connects ______to _____.
muscle to bone

17. 22. A ligament connects _____ to _____.
bone to bone

18. 29. Name the layers of fascia in a muscle and identify where they are found.
Epimysoium- around the whole muscle
Perimysium- around a muscle bundle
Endomysium- around each muscle fiber (cell)

19. 35. Label the long bone

20. 36. Label synovial joint

21. 5. What are the opposites of these joint movements: flexion, abduction, medial rotation?
Extension
Adduction
Lateral (external rotation)

22. 6. Describe pronation of the forearm.
Medial rotation of the radioulnar joint, not the wrist.

23. 7. How do concentric, eccentric and isometric muscle contractions differ?
Concentric- muscle shortens during contraction
Eccentric – muscle lengthens during contraction
Isometric- muscle does not move during contraction