1. Improving Achievement
The CPC Way
© James M. Furukawa, J.D., Ph.D.

2. Introduction
Lesson 7:
Reading

3. Lesson 7: Reading
There are two main sources of information: reading and listening or textbook and lecture, respectively. Therefore, we must not only be good readers, but we must also be good listeners and note-takers. In this lesson you will learn how to get meaning from what you read and to do it accurately and efficiently.
Lesson Goals
In this lesson you will:
• Apply the CPC Way to improve your reading
skills.
Click here to continue.

4. Lesson 7: Reading The CPC Way
To help you become a skilled reader, this lesson begins with:
(1) A review of the CPC Way rules
(2) Subject and predicate
(3) Application of the CPC Way in reading and
(4) Parts of a book
Click here to continue.

5. Lesson 7: Reading The CPC Way
C = Capacity to process information at one
time.
P = Pyramid of knowledge or an outline of
keywords.
C = Chunk everything under a heading by
using VAST processes and asking FSAT
questions.

6. Lesson 7: Reading Subject and Predicate Subject—Noun.
It can be several words: The large, green truck was carrying a heavy load. The underlined words are the subject; however, they can be reduced to truck (simple subject), which is a noun and a keyword.
Sometimes, however, an adjective-noun pair may be the keyword. Some sentences may not be important and have no keywords worth underlining.

7. Lesson 7: Reading Subject and Predicate Predicate.
The rest of the sentence is a predicate. In the sentence “The large, green truck was carrying a heaving load,” the predicate can be reduced to the verb, carrying.

8. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
Key words aid in understanding and remembering. Therefore, to improve reading comprehension, follow these three steps that are explained in later slides:
A. Meaning and underline.
B. Headings and outline.
C. Review and chunk.
Memorize these headings.
Click here to continue.

9. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way Meaning and underline
a. Pause shortly after punctuations, such as commas and periods; also pause after subjects and predicates as divided by the / mark in the reading assignment to be found in Appendix 7, which you will be asked to print later.
b. Meaning of what you read should be understood as you pause.

10. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way B. Heading and outline
A heading is to be assigned to each paragraph—normally the keyword of the first sentence (shown in bold letters in the reading assignment to come).
2. Outline the key words beginning with the chapter or text heading.

11. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way B. Heading and outline
Go ahead and print Appendix 7. Civics: Citizens in Action by clicking the button below.
Do two things:
(1) Read for meaning and underline
(2) assign headings and outline.
Your outline should look like the one shown in
the next slide.

12. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way I. What is civics?
A. class
1. Class
2. American government
3. Study
4. Government leaders
5. You
B. “civics”
1. Citizen
2. Certain laws
a. govern
b. government
C. nation
1. Nation
2. Citizens
3. citizen

13. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
What if your outline does not look exactly like the one shown. That is to be expected because each one of us differ in our learning experiences. Therefore, some of us my need to underline more words, others less; some of us may underline certain words, others may not.

14. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
The main point is: Limit the number underlined to keywords—nouns and/or adjective nouns that are subjects of sentences and paragraphs. The more words you underline, the harder it becomes to remember as you will see in the next slide.

15. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
1. Review by asking questions about the words in the outline. If you are not sure what a word(s) means, you can read about it again or even add it to your outline. You can also check its definition.

16. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
2. Chunk keywords so the recall of a heading will lead to everything below it.
EXAMPLE: The recall of “What is Civics?” should lead to the three paragraph heading (class, civics, and nation) and then everything below them. Use VAST processes during learning and ask FSAT questions when reviewing.

17. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way A. Capacity
1. Read silently.
If you read aloud or try to say each word silently, you will using up some of your precious capacity. You should be using it, instead, to understand what you are reading in meaningful word groups. Also, reading aloud makes you a slow reader. Move your eyes quickly and smoothly across a sentence without trying to pronounce the words, opening your mouth, or rereading.

18. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way A. Capacity
1. Read silently.
2. Few paragraphs.
Read only a few paragraphs, perhaps only one if it is a difficult paragraph. Do not overload your capacity. If you read too much, you won’t remember what you read. Read a little and then think about what you have read.

19. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way A. Capacity
1. Read silently.
2. Few paragraphs.
3. Review.
Review information from the outline in quantities that match your capacity. However, do not break up units under a heading. For example, if your capacity is 4, under “Class” in the Civics outline, do not skip; “5. Citizen.” Keep related words together.

20. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way B. Pyramid 1. Key words.
Locate keywords. They are usually the subjects of a sentence or paragraph and are normally nouns or adjective-noun pairs.

21. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way B. Pyramid 1. Key words.
2. Definitions.
Learn the definitions of words. If you don’t know what a word means, look it up in a dictionary and copy the definition. Writing it down will help you remember it. Don’t forget to follow the suggestions given in Lesson 6 on learning definitions.

22. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way B. Pyramid 1. Key words.
2. Definitions.
3. Outline.
Prepare an outline. Copy the key words in an outline format for later study.

23. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way C. Chunking 1. Questions.
Ask questions about the keywords in the outline. What do they mean? How are they related? How do they tell a story?

24. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way C. Chunking 1. Questions.
Chunk everything together into a single, meaningful whole to make recall accurate.

25. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
How well have you learned the application of the CPC Way? Complete the following outline.
I. CPC RULES
A, Capacity 1. 2. 3.
B. Pyramid
C. Chunking

26. Lesson 7: Reading Application of the CPC Way
Click here to check your answers.
I. CPC RULES
A. Capacity
1. Read silently
2. Few paragraphs
3. Review
B. Pyramid
1. Keywords
2. Definitions
3. Outline
C. Chunking
1. Questions
2. Chunk

27. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book
Here are six important parts of a book:
Parts
of a
book
1) Title
2) Introduction
3) Section headings
4) Subjects
5) Italics and
6) Graphics
Click here to continue.

28. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book A. Title.
The title of a book, story, or chapter gives you an idea of what it is about.
EXAMPLE: The title of this lesson is “Parts of a book.” The title is like a road sign which tells you where your are headed.
Title

29. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book B. Introduction and summary.
These parts are also provided to make the text easier to read and remember. They give the key ideas.
Intro-
duction

30. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book C. Section headings.
Text is often divided into sections and a section heading tells you what the part is about. Like the title, the section heading tells you what to expect.
Section
headings

31. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book D. Subjects.
Subjects of sentences and paragraphs also tell you what is important. The subject is usually a noun or adjective-noun found in the first or lead sentence of a paragraph. Sometimes, however, it may be found elsewhere, such as in the last sentence.
Subjects

32. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book E. Italics and bold print.
Italics and bold print are used to highlight keywords. When you see them, you know that they are important.
Italics
and
bold
print

33. Lesson 7: Reading Parts of a Book
F. Graphics (figures, graphs, tables, and pictures).
Illustrations help to make the text easier to understand (V in VAST). You saw figures and tables in some of the earlier lessons.
Graphics

34. ? Lesson 7: Reading Reading: QUESTIONS 7-1
What do these parts of a book tell you?
1. Title
2. Introductions and summaries
3. Section headings
4. Subjects
5. Italics and bold print
6. Figures, graphs, pictures, and tables.
Answer your questions on a sheet of paper.

35. Lesson 7: Reading Reading : ANSWERS 7-1
1. The title gives you an idea of what you are
reading is about.
2. These parts give the key ideas.
3. The section heading tells you what to expect
with the part you are about to read.
4. Subjects of sentences and paragraphs tell
you what is important.
5. Italics and bold print highlight keywords.
6. Graphics make the text easier to understand.
Now apply what you have learned. Use the CPC Way to read Lesson 7 again.

36. Lesson 7: Reading
Bingo!
Reading and listening are two important sources of information. You have completed the first part. If you are a good reader, you can learn anything that you want, for there are books on every subject that you can think of.

37. Lesson 7: Reading Summary
In this lesson we learned how to apply the CPC Way in reading. We read a few paragraphs at a time silently (capacity). We identify keywords, look up definitions, and prepare an outline (pyramid). Finally, we ask questions about the information we just learned, and group it into a meaningful whole (chunk). We also learned the six important parts of a book.
In the next lesson we will see how we can use the CPC Way in listening. Click the Next button to get started with Lesson Eight.