1. LESSON 1 ISLAM AND AL-ANDALUS

2. FIVE MINUTES to READ pages 14 and 15.

3. VOCABULARY Hayib  the same as Prime Minister Visirs  Ministers
Walis  the same as Governor, control the provinces
Raids  militar expedition through enemy territory
Parias  a kind of tribute, tax
Vassal  vasallo, dependent of…

4. MAIN DATES 1085  Toledo all into Christian hands
929  Caliphate of Cordoba begings
1031  the Caliphate is divided into Taifas
1085  Toledo all into Christian hands
1212  Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
1492  Catholic Monarchs conquest Granada

5. 1.5. From Caliphate to Taifas
The Caliphate of Cordoba
Abd-al-Rahman III inherited (heredó) the throne in 912. He fought successfully against internal revolts and Christian attacks.
In 929 he became Caliph: the political and religious leader
The Caliph governed with the Hayib, or prime minister, and visirs, or ministers. Walis, or governors, controlled the provinces
continues

6. 1.5. From Caliphate to Taifas
(…continuation)
In 976 Hisham II became Caliph. As he was only eleven years old, the general Al-Mansur led the goverment.
To obtain money and prisoners, he carried out more than fifty raids against the Christian Kingdoms in the north
The Caliphate of Cordoba was the most brilliant period of Al-Andalus

7. 1.5. From Caliphate to Taifas
The Taifas Kingdoms
After Al-Mansur died, fighting continued in Al-Andalus.
In 1031, the Caliphate was divided into Taifas, or small kingdoms, such as Seville, Toledo, Badajoz..
The taifas were constantly attacked by Christians
To avoid (evitar) attacks, taifas paid parias
In 1085 Toledo fell into Christian hands
Muslims asked for help from the Almoravids

8. 1.5. From Caliphate to Taifas
(…continuation)
The Almoravids, Berbers from North of Africa, went to Iberia to stop the Christian advance. They reunited Al-Andalus, but only for a few years
In 1147, the Almohads, who were also Berbers, as Almoravids, came to power.
The Christian armies united and defeated (derrotaron) the Almohads at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212
After this defeat, Christians conquered almost all of Al-Andalus

9. 1.5. From Caliphate to Taifas
The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada
The kingdom of Granada covered the provinces of Malaga, Almeria, Granada and the eastern part of Cadiz
It was governed by the Nasr (Nazarí) family
The Nasrid Kingdom was weak. For almost two and a half centuries, it was the vassal of Castile, they had to pay parias to Castile and help them
Finally, Catholic Monarchs conquered Granada in 1492

10. Links and photos

11. PHOTOS: MOSQUE OF CORDOBA

12. PHOTOS: GOLD TOWER

13. PHOTOS: ALHAMBRA

14. ACTIVITIES Find the Word for these definitions.
He was the prime minister
They were ministers in Al-Andalus
He was the political and religious leader
In 1031, the caliphate was divided into these
MAKE A TIME LINE
Showing the differents periods in the History of Al-Andalus