1. Comparing People and Things (Revision) Comparing two People or Things
Unit 5, Lesson 3
Comparing People and Things (Revision)
Comparing two People or Things
The following pattern is used to compare two:
Subjest + be / linking verb + adj.+er + ( than + object)
EXAMPLES
NOTES
short adjectives
1- Fahd is taller than Naser.
2- He is bigger than me.
3- This question is easier than that.
4- Travelling by plane is safer than travelling by car.
5- Your handwriting is clear, but his is clearer.
In(2): The last letter of the adjective (big) is doubled.
In(3): The last letter of the adjective (easy) is changed into (i) because it is preceded by a consonant.
In(4): only (r) is added to the adjective (safe) because it ends with (e).
In(5): Than is not used after the adj.+er because the object is not mentioned.
(adjectives of one syllable)
EXIT

2. Comparing People and Things (Revision) Comparing two People or Things
Unit 5, Lesson 3
Comparing People and Things (Revision)
Comparing two People or Things
The following pattern is used to compare two:
Subject + be / linking verb + better / worse + ( than + object)
EXAMPLES
NOTES
1- Omar is better than Nassir.
2- He is worse than Omar.
3- What you say is better than what you do.
4- Your writing is good, but try to make it better.
Irregular Adjectives are
good better the best
bad worse the worst
irregular adjectives
EXIT

3. Comparing People and Things (Revision) Comparing two People or Things
Unit 5, Lesson 3
Comparing People and Things (Revision)
Comparing two People or Things
The following pattern is used to compare two:
subject + be / linking verb + more/ less + adj. + ( than + object)
EXAMPLES
NOTES
long adjectives
1- Fahd is more polite than Naser.
2- He is more fluent than me.
3- Gothic script is beautiful, but Roman script is more common.
4- Gothic script is less common than Roman script.
In (1) and (2):Than is used after the adjective because the object (Nasser/me) is mentioned.
In (3):Than is not used after the adjective because the object is not mentioned.
In (4): Less is used instead of more to express the contrast meaning.
(adjectives of more than one syllable)
EXIT

4. EXERCISES
Grammar A
A- Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences.
Decide if you should use er or est.The first two are examples.
1- Khaled is ____________ student in the class.
2- That car is ___________ the other one.
3- This exercise is ____________ the last one.
4- Which is _________ football team in Saudi Arabia.
5- One English script is _____________ the others.
6- A propeller plane is normally ______________ a jet plane.
7- This is ___________ winter weather for ten years.
8- Many people say that English is ______________ than Arabic to learn.
9- This summer is _____________ the last.
10- That shop sells _____________ soft drinks in town.
the tallest
(tall)
(safe)
(easy)
(good)
(clear)
(slow)
(bad)
(simple)
(hot)
(cold)
EXIT
ANSWER

5. EXERCISES
Grammar
A- Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences. Decide if you should
use er or est, more or most.The first two are examples.
1- KFUPM is ____________ Umm Al- Qura.
2- Which English script is _____________________ of all?
3- King Saud University is _____________ in Saudi Arabia.
4- My father’s English is ___________________ mine.
5- Joe was ____________________________ Pip’s sister.
6- Who is _______________ person you know?
7- That restaurant makes __________ Kapsa in town.
8- People say that Arabic is _____________________ English to learn.
9- In the world in general, tea is ____________________ coffee.
10- Is learning grammar _______________________ learning new words? B
(old)
older than
the most beautiful
(beautiful)
(large)
(fluent)
(warm-hearted)
(kind)
(good)
(difficult)
(popular)
(important)
EXIT
ANSWER

6. THE ANSWER Grammar A- A EXIT
1- Khaled is ___________ student in the class.
2- That car is ___________ the other one.
3- This exercise is ____________ the last one.
4- Which is _________ football team in Saudi Arabia.
5- One English script is _____________ the others.
6- A propeller plane is normally ______________ a jet plane.
7- This is ___________ winter weather for ten years.
8- Many people say that English is ______________ than Arabic to learn.
9- This summer is _____________ the last.
10- That shop sells _____________ soft drinks in town. A
the tallest
(tall)
safer than
(safe)
easier than
(easy)
the best
(good)
clearer than
(clear)
slower than
(slow)
(bad)
the worst
simpler than
(simple)
hotter than
(hot)
the coldest
(cold)
EXIT

7. THE ANSWER Grammar A B the kindest EXIT
1- KFUPM is ____________ Umm Al- Qura.
2- Which English script is ____________________ of all?
3- King Saud University is _____________ in Saudi Arabia.
4- My father’s English is ___________________ mine.
5- Joe was ____________________________ Pip’s sister.
6- Who is _______________ person you know?
7- That restaurant makes __________ Kapsa in town.
8- People say that Arabic is _____________________ English to learn.
9- In the world in general, tea is ____________________ coffee.
10- Is learning grammar _______________________ learning new words? B
older than
(old)
the most beautiful
(beautiful)
the largest
(large)
more fluent than
(fluent)
more warm-hearted than
(warm-hearted)
the kindest
(kind)
the best
(good)
more difficult than
(difficult)
more popular than
(popular)
more important than
(important)
EXIT

8. Linking Verbs EXAMPLES NOTES (a) The soup smells good.
(LINKING VERB) (ADJECTIVE)
(b) This food tastes delicious.
(c) The children feel happy.
(d) The weather became cold.
EXAMPLES
“Linking verbs”, like be, may be followed by an adjective.
Common linking verbs:
feel, look, smell, sound, taste
appear, seem
become (and get, turn, grow when they mean “become”)
NOTES
EXIT

9. Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms
END OF
VERB
DOUBLE THE COSONANT?
SIMPLE
FORM ING ED -e NO
(a) simle smiling smiled
hope hoping hoped
-ing form: Drop the –e, add –ing.
-ed form: Just add –ed.
Two Consonants NO
(b) help helping helped
learn learning learned
If the verb ends in two consonants, just add –ing or –ed.
Two Vowels + One Consonant NO
(C) rain raining rained
heat heating heated
If the verb ends in two vowels + a consonant, just add –ing or –ed.
One Vowel + One Consonant
YES
ONE-SYLLABLE VERBS
(d) stop stopping stopped
plan planning planned
If the verb has on syllable and ends in one vowel + one consonant, double the consonant to make –ing or –ed form.* NO
YES
TWO-SYLLABLE VERBS
(e) visit visiting visited
offer offering offered
(F) prefer preferring preferred
admit admitting admitted
If the first syllable of a two-syllable verb is stressed, do not double the consonant.
If the second syllable of two syllable verb is stressed, double the consonant.

10. Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms
END OF
VERB
DOUBLE THE
COSONANT?
SIMPLE
FORM ING ED -y NO
(g) play playing played
enjoy enjoying enjoyed
(h) worry worrying worried
study studying studied
If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, keep the -y. Do not change it to -i.
If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, keep the -ing form, but change the -y to -i to make the -ed form
-ie
(i) die dying died
tie tying tied
-ing form: Change -ie to -y and add -ing.
-ed form: Just add -ed
*Exceptions: Do not double w or x: snow, snowing, snowed
fix, fixing, fixed
EXIT

11. Verb to "be" SIMPLE FORM Subject Present Past Future Past perfect EXIT
Forms of Verb
Subject
Present I
he she it singular noun
You we they plural noun am is
are
Past
I he she it singular noun
You we they plural noun
was
were
Present perfect
he she it singular
I You we they plural noun
has been
have been
Past perfect
he she it singular
I You we they plural noun
had been
Future
he she it singular
I You we they plural noun
will be
Will be
Future perfect
he she it singular
I You we they plural noun
will have been
EXIT