2. Employability Unit Review Audio Video Production

3. What is video? Video: An audiovisual medium that records on magnetic tape or other media by electronic means.

4. Film & Television Film: An audiovisual medium that records images on transparent plastic strips by means of photosensitive chemicals. Television: Studio-based, multicamera video that is often produced and transmitted live.

5. A copyright is an exclusive right to a musical, literary, dramatic, or A copyright is an exclusive right to a musical, literary, dramatic, or artistic piece of work. artistic piece of work.

6. Following numerous revisions, a copyright today is valid for the life of the author plus 70 years.

7. In addition, copyright protection on works created exclusively for corporations (for example, The Walt Disney Company) have been extended to 95 years.

8. Videographers have the legal right to exclude anyone from copying all or part of their work.

9. Likewise, they must secure permission if using someone elses work, unless that work is in the public domain.

10. Solicit the copyright owner (artist, producer, or label company) with a written request to use the material. The manner or extent to which the material is to be used often determines compensation.

11. Fair Use refers to the limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright owner, and must be done according to guidelines found in U.S. Copyright Law.

12. Educational Multimedia Students and teachers may use copyrighted material on a limited basis when creating multimedia lessons and projects for instruction and learning. This is not the case when commercial profit is involved.

13. Important Points Motion media (video): Up to 10% of the total piece or 3 minutes, whichever is less. Music and lyrics: Up to 10% of the total piece or 30 seconds, whichever is less. Images from books or magazines: Maximum of five images from one artist, and the lesser between 10% and 15 total images from a collective work.

14. Failure to abide by Fair Use guidelines could result in prosecution under copyright law.

15. Intellectual Property Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.

16. Leadership Skills Leadership skills include the ability to motivate others, set group goals, delegate tasks, and think creatively.

17. Communication Communication is the process of sending messages to, and receiving messages from others.

18. Verbal Communication Verbal communication is speaking to communicate.

19. Non-Verbal Communication Non-verbal communication is communicating without speaking. Your eyes, expressions, body positions, and gestures communicate how you are feeling.

20. Listening Skills Include the abilities to hear another persons message, read body language, and understand the tone of voice of a speaker.

21. In charge of an individual production. Is responsible for all personnel working on the production and for coordinating technical and nontechnical production elements.

22. In charge of directing talent and technical operations. Is ultimately responsible for transforming a script into effective video and audio messages.

23. In charge of creative design aspects of show (set design, location, and/or graphics).

24. Does the makeup for all talent.

25. Designs and sometimes even constructs costumes for television or film.

26. Netiquette Netiquette is the code of proper behavior for communicating on the internet.

27. Rule #1 Never communicate in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS. On the Net this is shouting and considered very rude.

28. Rule #2 Always fill in the subject line in your correspondence to others.

29. Rule #3 Do not type anything that you would not say to a person face to face.

30. Rule #4 In casual e-mail use emoticons to show expression. Basic happy smiley ;-) Wink smiley :-D Laugh out loud smiley

31. Rule #5 Keep professional e-mail professional. Business e-mail should be written like a business letter with a salutation, complete sentences, correct grammar and spelling.

32. Rule #6 Be careful what you send to others. Be careful not to spread viruses (keep virus protection updated on your computer) Do not spam. Do not forward e-mail to everyone on your address list.

33. Rule #7 Do not forward e-mail from other people. Do not send e-mail that you do not want forwarded to other people.

34. Rule #8 Do not send huge attachments.

35. Someone who portrays someone else on- camera.

36. Someone who appears on-camera in a non-dramatic activity. Performers portray themselves.

37. Refers to all performers and actors who regularly appear on television.

38. Reads narration but does not appear on- camera. If on camera, the announcer moves up into the talent category.

39. Principal presenter of newscast, normally from a studio set.

40. Gathers the stories. Often reports on- camera from the field.

41. On-camera talent, reporting the weather.

42. On-camera talent, reporting local traffic conditions.

43. On-camera talent, giving sports news and commentary.

44. Also called stage manager. In charge of all activities on the studio floor. Coordinates talent, relays directors cues to talent, and supervises floor personnel.

45. Prepares computer graphics, titles, charts, and electronic backgrounds.

46. Constructs the complete sound track (dialogue and sound effects) in postproduction.

47. In charge of all technical personnel, budgets, and equipment. Designs system, including transmission facilities, and oversees installations and day-to-day operations.

48. Operate the cameras; often do the lighting for simple shows. Is called a cinematographer in film production.

49. In charge of lighting.

50. Operates postproduction editing equipment. Often makes or assists in creating editing decisions.

51. Writes on-the-air copy for the anchors. The copy is based on the reporters notes and the available videotape.

52. The Production Process There are three stages of the production process. Pre-Production Production Post-Production

53. Step 1: Pre-Production Pre-Production involves all the work necessary to plan the film. The screenwriter needs to write or revise the script. Production design involves researching and creating sets, costumes and makeup. Storyboards are drawn. Casting needs to be completed.

54. Step 2: Production Production is the work completed on the set. It is the actual filming of the video.

55. Step 3: Post-Production Post-production is the work completed in the studio. The video is edited and sound, special effects, transitions, etc. are added.

56. Story programs include feature movies, TV series programs, and music videos that are made purely for entertainment. What are some examples of story programs? Do you expect these programs to be true? When watching CSI, do you expect it to be a realistic portrayal of that profession?

57. Sports programs are often presented live so the depiction is very close to reality. However, many cameras are used, and what the producer chooses to show at any moment can distort reality. A producer could choose not to show something, or focus on something to make it seem more important. What are some examples of how a sports producer can distort reality?

58. Breaking (live) news is very much like sports, but many news reports concern events to which cameras were invited: interviews, press conferences, and media opportunities. A media opportunity is an event created specifically for the purpose of being covered by news organizations. Do you think media opportunities always present the truth?

59. A documentary is a type of nonfiction program purporting to communicate information about a real-world topic. They present the essence of their subjects, painstakingly culled from dozens or even hundreds of hours of unstaged footage, often without the editorial comment of narration or the emotional support of music. Do documentaries present genuine reality?

60. An editorial documentary is a documentary that attempts to win viewers over to its position or point of view. There are at least two sides to an issue and an editorial documentary only represents one side. For example, one editorial documentary may focus on the importance of forest conservation and a rival program may focus on the importance of logging.

61. Commercials are very short programs intended to sell a product, a person, or an idea. Commercials do not distort the obvious facts about their products because their manufacturers would be open to lawsuits. However, they do use video tricks to make products look better. Have you ever purchased anything you saw on a commercial that wasnt as good as it appeared?

62. An infomercial is a program-length commercial masquerading as a regular program. What are some examples of infomercials? How can infomercials distort the truth?

63. Documentary: The edited material should represent the actual subject as closely as possible. Commercials: Should be honest where facts are concerned. Sports and News: Should be completely accurate, should avoid personal bias, and should represent all sides. Story (Fiction) Programs: Make no claim to show reality so they can employ every technique in the video toolbox.