1. The Six Simple Machines
What they do And
What they are For

2. What is a Simple Machine?
Simple Machines make Work easier
Six Simple Machines: Lever, Inclined Plane, Wedge, Screw, Wheel and Axle, and Pulley

3. The Lever

4. Simple Machine – Lever Rigid Bar free to turn about a fulcrum
Three Parts: Resistance Force or Load, Effort Force, Fulcrum
Three Classes of Levers: First, Second, and Third

5. Simple Machine – First Class

6. Simple Machine – First Class
Fulcrum located between Resistance and Effort Forces
Resistance and Effort Forces are in opposite directions
Examples: Seesaw, Crowbars, Scissors, Claw Hammers

7. Simple Machine – Second Class

8. Simple Machine – Second Class
Resistance Force is between the Effort Force and the Fulcrum
Resistance and Effort Forces are in same direction
Examples: Wheelbarrow, Bottle openers, and Nutcrackers

9. Simple Machine – Third Class

10. Simple Machine – Third Class
Effort Force is between the Resistance Force and the fulcrum
Resistance and Effort Forces are in same direction
Examples: Broom, Shovel, Fishing Pole, Baseball Bat, and Tongs

11. The Inclined Plane

12. Simple Machine – Inclined Plane
Sloping surface allowing the lifting of heavy loads with less effort than directly lifting the load
Examples: Simple Ramp, Escalator, Stairs, Ship Plank, Ladder

13. The Wedge

14. Simple Machine - Wedge
Form of an Inclined Plane tapering to a sharp edge
Can be used to split, fasten, or cut
Examples: Ax Head, Screwdriver, Nails, Doorstop, Chisel, Plows

15. The Screw

16. Simple Machine - Screw
Form of an Inclined Plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post to fasten things
Two parts: Body and Thread
Examples: Drill Bits, Jackscrew, Fan Blades, Propellers, Screw, Nuts & Bolts

17. The Wheel and Axle

18. Simple Machine – Wheel and Axle
Wheel connected to a rigid pole
Modified Lever and center of axle serves as Fulcrum
Examples: Door Knobs, Handle Bars on Bike, Wheels on car, Roller Conveyor

19. Simple Machine – Wheel and Axle
Gears are modified forms of Wheel and Axle
Wheel has teeth along circumference
Effort Force exerted on larger gear to turn the smaller gear
Examples: Bike Sprockets, Can Opener, Machine Gears

20. The Pulley

21. Simple Machine - Pulley
Grooved wheel turning around a fulcrum to lift heavy objects
Rope or Chain used in groove
Can be fixed, movable, or combination of both
Examples: Flag Pole to raise Flag, Hoisting a Sail, Open Curtains or Mini Blinds,

22. Work Defined as a Force acting through a distance W = F * d
Measured in Joules (J) after British Scientist James Prescott Joule

23. Work Work is done only when Object moves, and
Object’s motion is in the direction of applied Force
How does a Simple Machine make Work easier?

24. References