1. Relative clauses with participles
UNIT 11
Relative clauses with participles

2. What are relative clauses?
Relative clauses are sentences with ‘who’, ‘which’, ‘that’, ‘where’, ‘when’, ‘whom’
For example:
Computers which are connected to a network
A modem that provides access to the internet
The teacher who taught us Maths

3. What are participles?
Participles are verb forms usually ending in -ed or –ing, and are used in some tenses or as adjectives
For example:
I’ve already eaten
He’s sleeping
A computer equipped with wireless NIC
A program helping you understand html

4. What are relative clauses with participles??
Sometimes in relative clauses we replace ‘who’ or ‘which’ with a participle.
For example:
Computers which are connected to a network can become:
Computers connected to a network
A program which helps you understand html can become:
A program helping you understand html

5. Passive participles
When we have a relative clause in passive voice we replace it with a passive participle (-ed):
A network printer which is connected to a print server becomes:
A network printer connected to a print server

6. Active participles
When we have a relative clause in the active voice, we can replace it with an active participle (-ing):
A modem which provides access the Internet becomes:
A modem providing access to the Internet

7. To sum up: Active participles Passive participles
A LAN which links computers →
A LAN linking computers
An ADSL packet which offers great speeds →
An ADSL packet offering great speeds
Passive participles
Computers which are equipped with wireless modems →
Computers equipped with wireless modems
Devices that are linked by radio waves →
Devices linked by radio waves