1. OPERATION CORONA BORDER SAFEGUARDING 7 March 2011 Ministry Of Defence

2. AIM TO BRIEF THE DEFENCE WEB BORDER CONTROL 2011 CONFERENCE ON THE MOD AND SANDF APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING ALSO DETAILING THE CURRENT STATUS TO BRIEF THE DEFENCE WEB BORDER CONTROL 2011 CONFERENCE ON THE MOD AND SANDF APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING ALSO DETAILING THE CURRENT STATUS

3. SCOPE ORIENTATION STRATEGIC APPROACH MANDATE OPERATIONALISATION OF THE STRATEGIC CONCEPT

4. ORIENTATION & APPROACH

5. FREE STATE/LESOTHO: 445 Km KZN/MOZ: 76 Km RSA/ZIM: 214 Km RSA/MOZ: 417 Km TOTAL LAND BORDER PRIORITY 1 : 2,058 Km TOTAL LAND BORDER PRIORITY 2 : 2,413 Km TOTAL LAND BORDER: 4,471 Km TOTAL MARITIME BORDER: 2,798 Km TOTAL AIR BORDER: 7,660 Km ORIENTATION: RSA BORDERS KZN/LESOTHO: 232 Km EC/LESOTHO: 247 Km KZN/SWAZILAND: 137 Km MPU/SWAZILAND: 290 Km RSA/BOT: 1516 Km RSA/NAM: 897 Km

6. APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING BORDER SAFEGUARDING LAND AIRSPACE MARITIME EXCLUDE PORTS OF ENTRY AD HOC SUPPORT IS NOT EXCLUDED. COORDINATED THROUGH THE BMA

7. GOVERNMENTAL ROLE PLAYERS BORDERMANAGEMENT Dept of Home Affairs Dept of Health Dept of Transport Dept of Agriculture SAPS Ministry of State Security Dept of Works Dept of Tourism SANDF

8. APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING (Cont) OPERATING ENVIRONMENT  ADVERSARY  MAGNITUDE OF BORDERS  MULTI-DEPARTMENTAL (BMA)  LEGAL ASPECTS & MANDATE  CONSTITUTION  DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RSA (JFE STRATEGY)  COMMON LAND,AIR AND MARITIME BORDERS WITH 6X NEIGHBOURS  SANDF DOCTRINE & MAIN EQUIPMENT (CONVENTIONAL)  CABINET MEMORANDUM 18/2009 BORDERSAFEGUARDING IS A LOGICAL EXTENSION OF THE DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF THE RSA. FORCE STRUCTURES ARE TO BE TAILORED FOR THE FUNCTION (ie COMPOSITE COY CONCEPT) MANDATE: SECTION 18(1)d OF THE DEFENCE ACT. ALSO PROVIDES POWERS OF SEARCH, SEIZE, DETAIN AND ARREST TO SANDF (POLICE ACT 68 OF 1005) REGIONAL COOPERATION IS CRITICAL SANDF IS TO BECOME THE LEAD DEPARTMENT FOR BORDER SAFEGUARDING INTERDEPARTMENTAL COOPERATION WILL BE CRITICAL. BORDER SAFEGUARDING IS NOT A “ONE DEPARTMENT GAME” BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATIONS TO BE CONDUCTED IN DEPTH (EXTENDED BORDER AREA). MISION AREAS TO BE PROCLAIMED. THE CONDUCT OF “NON-WARFIGHTING” MISSIONS DURING PEACE TIME THE MANNER IN WHICH THE LAND, AIR AND MARITIME BORDER AREAS ARE MANAGED WILL BE A DETERMINING FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DOMESTIC SAFETY, SECURITY AND STABILITY. INCIDENTS CONSTITUTE A CRIME SCENE. WILL REQUIRE A HIGH DEGREE OF SAPS COOPERATION AND APPROPRIATE TRG AND EQUIPMENT FOR OWN FORCES (NON-LETHAL CAPABILITIES) COOPERATIVE APPROACH AND APPROPRIATE COORDINATION MECHANISM TO BE DEVELOPED BETWEEN THE SANDF AND THE BMA BORDERSAFEGUARDING IS A PRIORITY TASK OF A PERMANENT NATURE. THE SANDF IS TO STRUCTURE, BUDGET AND DEVELOP CAPABILITIES ACCORDINGLY “BERLIN WALL” APPROACH NOT VIABLE. MUST IMPLEMENT A MOBILE CONCEPT

9. SANDF STRATEGY

10. BORDER SAFEGUARDING: STRATEGY DETECTION: Enhancement of situational awareness and identification of threats. PREPARATION: Preparation and implementation of strategies, interdepartmental cooperation, capability development etc. (Maneuver at the operational/tactical level) RESPONSE: The institution of both defensive and offensive measures to control, contain and/or neutralise the threat. LAND, AIR & MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING, AS A COMPONENT OF THE DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RSA (DOMESTIC DEFENCE LAYER), WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF A NATIONAL BORDER SAFEGUARDING STRATEGY AND IN PURSUANCE OF NATIONAL STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND AS REGULATED BY THE RULE OF LAW, CONSTITUTES THE CONTINUOUS AND UNINTERRUPTED EMPLOYMENT OF TAILORED MILITARY CAPABILITIES IN IDENTIFIED MISSION AREAS, IN COOPERATION WITH OTHER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS, AS COORDINATED BY APPLICABLE NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL LEVEL MECHANISMS, TO EFFECT BORDER SAFEGUARDING TENETS

11. BORDER SAFEGUARDING STRATEGY: REQUIRED END RESULT  DETERRENCE is effected  CONTROL is exercised  Adversarial situations are CONTAINED STRATEGY  PREPARATION (MANEUVRE)  DETECTION  RESPONSE

12. STRATEGIC MISSION “JOINT AND INTERDEPARTMENTAL EMPLOYMENT OF FORCES TO ENFORCE STATE AUTHORITY IN THE LAND, AIR AND MARITIME BORDER DOMAINS IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES”

13. MANDATE The SANDF will be deployed ito the Defence Act 42 of 2002 Section 18(1)(d) which states that: “In addition to the employment of the Defence Force by the President as contemplated in section 201 (2) of the Constitution, the President or the Minister may authorise the employment of the Defence Force for service inside the Republic or in international waters, in order to effect national border control”. “In addition to the employment of the Defence Force by the President as contemplated in section 201 (2) of the Constitution, the President or the Minister may authorise the employment of the Defence Force for service inside the Republic or in international waters, in order to effect national border control”.

14. MANDATE (Cont) Ito of Section 20(1) of the Defence Act 42 of 2002, SANDF members, whilst so employed” have the same powers and duties as SAPS members under section 13(6) of the Police Act The above allows for members of the SANDF to arrest, detain, seize and search with the provision as stated in Section 20(2) of the Defence Act 42 of 2002 that: “A member of the Defence Force who arrests or detains any person or seizes any article or object must as soon as possible hand that person, article or object over to a police official or any other appropriate functionary designated by a relevant law”.

15. LANDWARD BORDER SAFEGUARDING

16. LANDWARD ROLL-OUT PLAN 2010/11 TO 2014/15 LANDWARD ROLL-OUT PLAN 2010/11 TO 2014/15

17. PONTDRIFT MUSINA MACADAMIA -4x SUB UNITS -2x ENGR TPs (NABOB) 11111111 1 1 1 PHASE 1 (2010/11) NDUMO 1

18. PONTDRIFT MUSINA MACADAMIA NDUMO SANDRIVER WEPENER -7x SUB UNITS -2x ENGNR TPs (NABOB) MA HQ 1 1 1 2 2 1 PHASE 2 (2011/12) PONGOLA 2 MA HQ

19. PHASE 3 (2012/13) PONTDRIFT MUSINA MACADAMIA NDUMO SANDRIVER WEPENER 12x SUB UNITS MA HQ 1 1 1 2 2 1 PONGOLA 2 MA HQ ZONSTRAAL 3 FOURIESBURG 3 MALUTI 3 MADIMBO 3 MA HQ LUNDINS NEK 3 MA HQ

20. PHASE 4 (2013/14) PONTDRIFT MUSINA MACADAMIA NDUMO SANDRIVER WEPENER 17x SUB UNITS MA HQ 1 1 1 2 2 1 PONGOLA 2 MA HQ ZONSTRAAL 3 FOURIESBURG 3 MALUTI 3 MADIMBO 3 MA HQ UPPER TUGELLA 4 SWARTWATER 4 MAFIKENG 4 VIOOLSDRIFT 4 MA HQ LUNDINS NEK 3 HIMEVILLE -ALEXANDER BAY -ONSEEPKANS KLEIN RUSTENBURG -KOPFONTEIN -SKILPADSHEK MA HQ

21. PHASE 5 (2014/15) PONTDRIFT MUSINA MACADAMIA NDUMO SANDRIVER WEPENER 22x SUB UNITS MA HQ 1 1 1 2 2 1 PONGOLA 2 MA HQ ZONSTRAAL 3 FOURIESBURG 3 MALUTI 3 MADIMBO 3 MA HQ UPPER TUGELLA 4 SWARTWATER 4 MAFIKENG 4 VIOOLSDRIFT 4 MA HQ PIET RETIEF PUNDA MARIA 5 5 LUNDINS NEK 3 HIMEVILLE ROOIBOKKRAAL 5 BRAY 5 ASHKAM 5 MA HQ -ALEXANDER BAY -ONSEEPKANS KLEIN RUSTENBURG -KOPFONTEIN -SKILPADSHEK -STEENBOKPAN -BATAVIA -MOKOPONG -BOSHOEK -MIDDELPUTS -NAKOP MA HQ

22. RESULTS: FY 2010/11 INCIDENTS NORTHERN KZN/ MOZAMBIQUE LIMPOPO/ ZIMBABWE MPUMALANGA/ MOZAMBIQUE TOTAL HAND WEAPONS 52310 DAGGA (KG) 210.31318.1241.40 TIK138138 COPPER (KG) 12451483 CATTLE12021 SMALL STOCK 58260 ILLEGAL FOREIGNERS 25413414596919641 STOLEN VEHICLES 411622 CRIMINALS ARRESTED 7369249400 CONTRABAND VALUE R 61,647,128-00

23. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING

24. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: DEFINITION Constitutes the air space directly above South African territory as demarcated by its land and maritime borders up to a height where an aircraft is no longer able to derive support from the atmosphere (30,000 meters)

25. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING MANDATE 36 TH AMENDMENT OF THE CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS OF 1997 (GOVERNMENT GAZETTE no 32042) (1) No person shall institute in-flight surveillance, give an interception signal in connection with or give an instruction to land a civilian aircraft suspected to be in contravention of the Act except: (a) On instruction by the Minister, the Commissioner, an authorized officer or person designated in terms of section 5(4) of the Act, or (b) If the person is a member of the SAPS or SANDF acting within the scope of his/her duties; and (c) The in-flight surveillance, interception signal or instruction to land is in the public interest Presidential/Ministerial Employment Papers Complementary to Section 18(1)d of the Defence Act 42 of 2002

26. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: CONCEPT DURING THE SHORT AND MEDIUM TERM, THE CONCEPT WILL CONSIST OF THE AD HOC DAY/NIGHT EMPLOYMENT OF LANDWARD ASSETS (SAAF/SA ARMY) TO CONDUCT SURVEILLANCE OF THE AIR DIMENSION (AIR PICTURE COMPILATION) AND THE AIRBORNE MONITOR/INTERCEPT OF TRANSGRESSORS. DEPLOYMENTS WILL BE MOBILE COVERING AREAS AS INDICATED BY INTELLIGENCE AND WILL PRIMARILY FOCUS ON THE AIR BORDER AREAS BETWEEN THE RSA AND ITS NEIGHBOURS. THE SANDF WILL BE THE OPERATIONAL LEAD IN THE AIR AND FOR THE COMPILATION OF THE AIR PICTURE. APPLICABLE GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY FURTHER ACTION ON THE GROUND. THE AIR SPACE CONTROL CONCEPT AS DEVELOPED FOR OP KGWELE IS TO BE TAILORED FOR OP CORONA

27. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: MISSION AREA RADAR DETECTION AREA  INTERNAL DETECTION AREA  RESPONSE & MANEUVRE AREA BORDER AREA LANDWARD DETECTION

28. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: SHORT/MEDIUM TERM CONCEPT PROVIDE AIR PICTURE (DETECTION)  SAAF: TACTICAL MOBILE RADAR  SA ARMY: KAMEELPERD SYSTEM  INDUSTRY: SPIDER RADAR  SAAF/ATNS PRIMARY SEARCH RADAR RESPONSE  REACTION A/C  FORCE DOWN AIRFIELDS  OTHER DEPARTMENTS COMMAND AND CONTROL  J OP HQ/AFCP  INTERDEPARTMENTAL  JOINT TACTICAL HQs DETECTION AREA RESPONSE & MANEUVRE AREA

29. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11: MISSION AREA Swartwater Alldays Mussina Pafuri Louis Trichardt Polokwane 23 Degree Latitude South Zimbabwe Botswana Mozambique 360 km 100 km

30. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11 TEMPORARY RESTRICTED AIRSPACE WAS DECLARED FROM LATITUDE S23°00’00” NORTHWARD EXTENDING TO THE NATIONAL BORDER OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, FROM GND TO UNL ALL AIRCRAFT TO ENTER OR EXIT RSA ACROSS THIS BORDER, OR WITHIN MISSION AREA, HAD TO APPLY FOR FLIGHT AUTO ALL FLIGHTS CROSSING RSA BORDER IN MISSION AREA WERE MONITORED OPERATION EXECUTED IN A COMBINED MANNER BETWEEN THE SANDF AND OTHER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS FLIGHTS WITHOUT VALID FAC WERE INTERROGATED, INTERCEPTED AS REQUIRED AND NON COMPLIANT AIRCRAFT FORCED DOWN

31. AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11 (RESULTS) 1848 FACs ISSUED NON-COMPLIANT A/C IDENTIFIED: 59 PASSIVE INTERCEPTIONS & INTERROGATIONS: 48 FORCE DOWN:1

32. MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING

33. MANDATE ITO OF THE MARITIME ZONES ACT no 15 of 1994, SOUTH AFRICA’S MARITIME ZONES WHICH FALLS WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION FOR MONITORING, CONTROL AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF STATE AUTHORITY, CONSISTS OF THE: –TERRITORIAL WATERS (12 Nm) –CONTIGUOUS ZONE (24 Nm) –EEZ (200 Nm) –CONTINENTAL SHELF –PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND GROUP

34. MISSION AREA COURTESY CAPT (SAN) D. GILLESPIE MARITIME BORDER EXTENDED BORDER AREA

35. MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING CONCEPT For the short and medium term, maritime border safeguarding operations focussing on deterrence and enforcement of state authority at sea will be conducted in the South Africa maritime border- and extended border area through the ad hoc employment of naval and air assets supported by situational awareness and interdepartmental/regional cooperation. A further extension of this will be the ad hoc deployment of maritime surface and air assets into the adjacent waters of Namibia and Mozambique during approved multinational operations to extend deterrence beyond the South African waters and to enhance situational awareness.

36. MISSION AREA DETECTION  COASTRAD  INTERDEPARTMENTAL COOPERATION  REGIONAL COOPERATION  INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION  VESSEL CAPABILITIES  MARITIME (SAN & SAAF) PATROL MANEUVRE & RESPONSE  PRESENT CAPABILITIES  INTERDEPARTMENTAL

37. QUESTIONS