1. Chapter 20 The ISLM Model

2. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-2 Determination of Aggregate Output

3. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-3 Consumption Expenditure and the Consumption Function

4. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-4

5. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-5

6. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-6 Investment Spending Fixed investment—always planned Inventory investment—can be unplanned Planned investment spending  Interest rates  Expectations

7. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-7

8. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-8 Expenditure Multiplier

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10. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-10

11. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-11 Changes in Autonomous Spending

12. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-12 Government’s Role

13. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-13

14. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-14 Role of International Trade

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17. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-17 The ISLM Model Includes money and interest rates in the Keynesian framework Examines an equilibrium where aggregate output equals aggregate demand Assumes fixed price level where nominal and real quantities are the same IS curve is the relationship between equilibrium aggregate output and the interest rate LM curve is the combinations of interest rates and aggregate output for which M D = M S

18. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-18 Equilibrium in the Goods Market: The IS Curve Interest rates and planned investment spending  Negative relationship Interest rates and net exports  Negative relationship The points at which the total quantity of goods produced equals the total quantity of goods demanded Output tends to move toward points on the curve that satisfies the goods market equilibrium

19. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-19

20. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-20

21. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-21

22. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-22 Equilibrium in the Market for Money: The LM Curve Demand for money called liquidity preference M d /P depends on income (Y) and interest rates (i) Positively related to income  Raises the level of transactions  Increases wealth Negatively related to interest rates

23. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-23 Equilibrium in the Market for Money: The LM Curve (cont’d) Connects points that satisfy the equilibrium condition that M D = M S For each level of aggregate output, the LM curve tells us what the interest rate must be for equilibrium to occur The economy tends to move toward points on the LM curve

24. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-24

25. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 20-25