1. Napoleon forges an empire
Chapter 23
section 3

2. Key Terms Napoleon Bonaparte Coup d’etat Plebiscite Lycee Concordant
Napoleonic Code
Battle of Trafalgar

3. Hero of the Hour Napoleon a brilliant military leader
Forced British troops out of Toulon
Won a victory against Austria
1795 faced royalist mob in Paris
Used artillery to disperse them

4. Hero of the Hour Directory place Napoleon in charge of French troops
Troops not slowed down by supply train
Took what they needed from the countryside
Won battles against the Italians and Austrians
Secured France’s borders

5. Hero of the Hour Napoleon turned his attention to Egypt
1798 Napoleon defeats Egypt’s Ottoman defenders
Admiral Horatio Nelson- trapped and destroyed most French ships in the Battle of the Nile

6. Hero of the Hour Napoleon covered up his defeat Napoleon sailed home
Left army in Egypt under another officer
Exaggerated France's successes

7. Coup d’Etat National hero decided to seize political power
Directory had grown weak
Armed supporters of Napoleon surrounded the Directory
Voted Napoleon first Consul

8. Coup d’Etat Coup d’ etat- a forced transfer of power
A group of three consuls would replace the Directory
Structure of the Republic still in place
Napoleon had become dictator

9. Napoleon Rules France
Why would France want a dictator, after overthrowing a king?
French craved order and stability the Napoleon promised
Napoleon pledged to uphold some of the revolutions reforms

10. Napoleon Rules France
Plebiscite-a vote of the people to approve a new constitution
1804- did they want to declare France an empire
Napoleon became Emperor Napoleon I
Pope Pious VII came from Rome to crown him

11. Napoleon Crowns as Emperor
As Pope was going to place the crown on Napoleon's head
He grabbed it and put it on his own head
Told the world no one gave Napoleon authority but himself

12. Restoring Order at Home
Set up efficient tax collection
Established a national banking system
Dismissed corrupt government officials
Lycees-government run public schools
Open to all
Appointment to public office on merit not family connections

13. Napoleon Creates an Empire
Wanted to rule Europe and extend power to Americas
Civil war in Haiti was a French defeat
Napoleon sold the Louisiana territories to America to concentrate on Europe

14. Loss of American Territories
Louisiana territory sold for 15 million
Napoleon needed the money to finance European operations
The sale assured forever the power of the United States
Gave England a rival that will humble her pride

15. Conquering Europe Quest to conquer Europe
France became a dominant power in Europe
Napoleonic Wars lasted till 1815
Great Britain was France’s worst enemy

16. Conquering Europe
Napoleon annexed the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy
Napoleon met his challenges with boldness
Other armies could not predict his next move

17. Conquering Europe Organized coalitions against France
Napoleon knew he had to defeat Great Britain
1805 England again defeats France in Battle of Trafalgar
On Land Napoleon was more successful

18. Battle of Trafalgar 1805 off the coast of Spain Split the French fleet
Captured many ships
Destruction of French fleet
Gave Britain naval supremacy for 100 years
Force Napoleon to give up invading Britain

19. French Empire Took control of Europe through treaties and alliances
Great Britain, Portugal, Sweden and Ottoman Empire not controlled
Napoleon put relatives in power of conquered areas

20. French Empire His brothers ruled in Holland, Naples, and Sicily
His sisters and stepsons held important positions

21. Reform of Church State Relations
Many citizens despised the anti religious nature of the Revolution
Napoleon made an agreement with the Pope
Concordat-French citizens were Roman Catholic

22. Reform of Church Relations
Recognized the influence of the Catholic Church
Did not return control over national affairs

23. Economic Reforms Established the Bank of France Regulate the economy
Set up efficient tax collection system
Ensured government would not face hardships

24. Legal and Educational Reforms
Created Napoleonic Code-laws uniform across the land
Eliminated many injustices
Promoted order and authority over rights
Freedom of the press was restricted by censors

25. Legal and Educational Reforms
Code only applied to male citizens
Denied rights of women and allowed husbands to have authority over them
Strong state depended on strong leaders in government and the military

26. Napoleon’s Legacy Napoleon’s action spread nationalism
Nationalism-a sense of identity and unity as a people
French people developed a new loyalty to France as a whole
Nationalism spread to the conquered peoples