1. WLTP-DHC-12-04 1 Test results of Validation test 1b and Cycle modifications the 12th DHC group under GRPE/WLTP informal group 29 March 2012 Joint Research Centre, Ispra Prepared by Japan

2. WLTP-DHC-12-04 2 Table of contents 1.Result of Validation 1b by Japan 2.Result of Validation 1b by India and JRC 3.Summary of Indicated portions 4.Cycle modification for Validation 2 5.Proposed WLTC ver.5 for Validation 2 6.List of issues 7.Characteristics of proposed WLTC ver.5 8.Detail of modifications

3. WLTP-DHC-12-04 3 1.1. Overview of Validation test 1b in Japan Vehicle No.ABCDEF Vehicle categoryPC LDCV PC Fuel typePetrol Engine capacity (cc)6581339658149519981000 Max. rated power (kW)43 / 720073 / 600036 / 580071 / 600098 / 560050/6000 Curb vehicle mass (kg)710100096011201760910 Test mass (kg)82011101070133018701046 (1020*) Gross vehicle mass (kg)93012751430203033401250 Power to mass ratio (KW/t) (Curb mass basis) 60.673.037.558.255.754.9 After treatmentTWC Emission standard2005 EURO V Transmission5MT 4AT  Test mass: A~E: Current JPN regulation test mass (Curb mass + 110 kg) : F: Proposed gtr test mass (almost same as JP-mass)  Gear shift: fixed gear shift (by Japan) Vehicle F: Current JPN reg. mass: 1020 kg, Proposed gtr test mass: 1046 kg

4. WLTP-DHC-12-04 4 1.2. Test result of Passenger car ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

5. WLTP-DHC-12-04 5 1.2. Test result of Passenger car ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

6. WLTP-DHC-12-04 6 1.2. Test result of Passenger car ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

7. WLTP-DHC-12-04 7 1.3. Test result of Light duty commercial vehicle ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

8. WLTP-DHC-12-04 8 1.3. Test result of Light duty commercial vehicle ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

9. WLTP-DHC-12-04 9 1.3. Test result of Light duty commercial vehicle ARROW (↓): Require precise acceleration pedal/clutch operation CIRCLE (○): Hard to follow the trace (require close to W.O.T. operation)

10. WLTP-DHC-12-04 10 2. Result of Validation 1b by India and JRC  India  Dynamic concerns (difficult to follow the cycle)  48-67, 140-160, 250-265, 275-295, 660-670, 760-770, 815-825, 1060-1065, 1080-1123, 1140-1180, 1375-1385, 1420-1450, 1530- 1585, 1640-1675  PMR concerns (Vehicles of 35 to 65 kW/t have difficulty)  780-804, 1165-1210, 1180-1250, 1530-1740  Difficult to follow the lower speeds of 10km/h  JRC  Observed difficulty to drive the low speed parts (~10 km/h) with the 1st gear  With typical European vehicles, there seems to be few problem to follow the trace (accelerations and top speed portions of WLTC ver.4).

11. WLTP-DHC-12-04 11 3. Summary of validation 1b From the viewpoints of drivability, traceability and reproducibility, the following 31 portions are pointed out by India, JRC and Japan. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 13 17 19 20 23 22 21 26 28 1415 25 1 12 18 24 26 29 30 16 27 31: number of decimal places

12. WLTP-DHC-12-04 12 3. Summary of validation 1b No.TimeCommentsby 124 - 28Need to be smoothnessJapan 248 – 67Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 3140 – 160Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 4185 - 210Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 5250 - 270Need to be smoothnessIndia/Japan 6275 - 295Need to be smoothnessIndia/Japan 7545 – 560Need to be smoothnessJapan 8600 - 615Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 9660 - 670Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 10709Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 11715 – 718Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 12720 – 730Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 13760 - 770Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 14770 – 785Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 15780 -804Difficult to drive (PMR concern)India 16800 – 810Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan

13. WLTP-DHC-12-04 13 3. Summary of validation 1b No.TimeCommentsby 17815 – 830Need to be smoothnessIndia/Japan 18860 – 870Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 19910 – 925Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 20950 – 980Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 211060 – 1065Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 221070 – 1125 Difficult to follow the target speed Require close to W.O.T. operation India/Japan 231140 - 1155Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan 241155 - 1250 Difficult to follow the target speed Require close to W.O.T. operation India/Japan 251310 – 1325Require close to W.O.T. operationJapan 261375 - 1385Require close to W.O.T. operationIndia/Japan 271420 - 1450Difficult to follow the target speedIndia 281530 - 1585Require close to W.O.T. operationIndia/Japan 291640 - 1675Require close to W.O.T. operationIndia/Japan 301530 - 1740Difficult to drive (PMR concern)India 31Allto be one decimal point ( to XX.X km/h)Japan

14. WLTP-DHC-12-04 14 4. Proposed cycle modification for Validation 2  As a first step to move forward to validation 2, Japan propose to modify the following items (15 portions).  the minimum speed set to 12km/h  Smoothing to improve repeatability  Set vehicle speed one decimal point  Other 16 remaining portions regarding dynamic concerns which was indicated by India and Japan should be considered during Validation 2.

15. WLTP-DHC-12-04 15 5. Proposed WLTC ver.5 for Validation 2 12 km/h Smoothing Concern 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 31: Time chart was changed from two decimal point to one decimal point

16. WLTP-DHC-12-04 16 5. Proposed WLTC ver.5 for Validation 2 12 km/h Concern 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 Concern 27 31: Time chart was changed from two decimal point to one decimal point

17. WLTP-DHC-12-04 17 6.1. List of issues No.TimeCommentsbyAction 124 - 28Need to be smoothnessJapanSmoothing 248 – 67Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 3140 – 160Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 4185 - 210Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 5250 - 270Need to be smoothnessIndia/JapanSmoothing 6275 - 295Need to be smoothnessIndia/JapanSmoothing 7545 – 560Need to be smoothnessJapanSmoothing 8600 - 615Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 9660 - 670Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/Japan Minimum speed to 12 km/h & Smoothing 10709Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 11715 – 718Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 12720 – 730Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 13760 - 770Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 14770 – 785Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 15780 -804Difficult to drive (PMR concern)IndiaEvaluated during validation2 16800 – 810Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2

18. WLTP-DHC-12-04 18 6.2. List of issues No.TimeCommentsbyAction 17815 – 830Need to be smoothnessIndia/JapanSmoothing 18860 – 870Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 19910 – 925Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 20950 – 980Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 211060 – 1065Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 221070 – 1125 Difficult to follow the target speed Require close to W.O.T. operation India/JapanEvaluated during validation2 231140 - 1155Difficult to drive the low speed partsJRC/India/JapanMinimum speed to 12 km/h 241155 - 1250 Difficult to follow the target speed Require close to W.O.T. operation India/JapanEvaluated during validation2 251310 – 1325Require close to W.O.T. operationJapanEvaluated during validation2 261375 - 1385 Difficult to follow the target speed Require close to W.O.T. operation India/JapanEvaluated during validation2 271420 - 1450Difficult to follow the target speedIndiaEvaluated during validation2 281530 - 1585Difficult to follow the target speedIndia/JapanEvaluated during validation2 291640 - 1675Difficult to follow the target speedIndia/JapanEvaluated during validation2 301530 - 1740Difficult to drive (PMR concern)IndiaEvaluated during validation2 31Allto be one decimal point ( to XX.X km/h)Japanone decimal point

19. WLTP-DHC-12-04 19 7.1. Characteristics of proposed WLTC ver.5 Chi squared value of proposed WLTC v5 is identical to that of WLTC v4

20. WLTP-DHC-12-04 20 7.1. Speed frequency distributions Proposed

21. WLTP-DHC-12-04 21 7.3. v * a_pos frequency  LOW  MIDDLE  HIGH  Extra-HIGH 95%tile of WWW database is 10 m 2 /s 3 Max. of WLTC v5 is 11.2 m 2 /s 3 95%tile of WWW database is 14 m 2 /s 3 Max. of WLTC v5 is 16.7 m2/s3 95%tile of WWW database is 16 m 2 /s 3 Max. of WLTC v5 is 19.7 m 2 /s 3 95%tile of WWW database is 18 m 2 /s 3 Max. of WLTC v5 is 20.9 m 2 /s 3 The maximum v*a of WLTC ver.5 exceed 95%tile of WWW database

22. WLTP-DHC-12-04 22 8. Detail of modification 12 3 4 Not modified, but need further evaluation

23. WLTP-DHC-12-04 23 8. Detail of modification 5 6 7 8 9 Not modified, but need further evaluation

24. WLTP-DHC-12-04 24 8. Detail of modification 10 12 13 14 15 18 17 11 16 Not modified, but need further evaluation

25. WLTP-DHC-12-04 25 8. Detail of modification 19 20 21 22 Not modified, but need further evaluation

26. WLTP-DHC-12-04 26 8. Detail of modification 24 25 27 23 26 Not modified, but need further evaluation

27. WLTP-DHC-12-04 27 8. Detail of modification 28 30 29 Not modified, but need further evaluation

28. WLTP-DHC-12-04 28 Source: JSAE 2008