1. B.A II, Bsc I, B.Com I, BBA I , HCP
PPT for
B.A II, Bsc I, B.Com I, BBA I , HCP

2. Guru Nanak Dev Ji
Birth :
April 15,1469 at Talwandi Rai
Bhoe Ki, Nankana Sahib(Pakistan)
Father :
Mehta Kalyan Das Ji
Mother :
Mata Tripta Ji
Siblings :
Bebe Nanki Ji
Mahal :
Mata Sulakhni Ji
Sahibzadey :
Baba Sri Chand Ji,
Baba Lakhmi Das Ji.
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
September 7,1539 at
Kartarpur Sahib (Pakistan)

3. Guru Angad Dev Ji Birth : March 31, 1504 at Matte Di Sarai
(Punjab, India)
Father :
Bhai Pheru Mal Ji
Mother :
Mata Daya Kaur Ji
Siblings :
---
Mahal :
Mata Khivi Ji
Sahibzadey :
Bibi Amro, Bibi Anokhi,
Baba Dasu and Baba Datu
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
March 29, 1552 at Goindwal
(Punjab, India)

4. Guru Amardas Ji Birth : April 5,1479 at Village Basarke
(Punjab, India)
Father :
Bhai Tej Bhan Ji
Mother :
Mata Lakhmi Ji
Siblings :
---
Mahal :
Mata Mansa Devi
Sahibzadey :
Baba Mohan, Baba Mohri,
Bibi Dani and Bibi Bhani Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
September 1, 1574

5. Guru Ramdas Ji Birth : September 24, 1534 at Choona
Mandi, Lahore (Pakistan)
Father :
Baba Hari Das Ji
Mother :
Mata Daya Kaur
Siblings :
---
Mahal :
Bibi Bhani Ji
Sahibzadey :
Prithi Chand, Mahadev and
(Guru) Arjun Dev Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
September 1, 1581 at
Goindwal (Punjab, India)

6. Guru Arjun Dev Ji Birth : April 15, 1563 at Goindwal (Punjab, India)
Father :
Guru Ramdas Ji
Mother :
Bibi Bhani Ji
Siblings :
Prithi Chand, Mahadev
Mahal :
Mata Ganga Ji
Sahibzadey :
(Guru) Hargobind Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
May 30, 1606 at Lahore,
Pakistan

7. Guru Hargobind Ji Birth : June 19, 1595 at Village Wadali,
Amritsar (Punjab, India)
Father :
Guru Arjun Dev Ji
Mother :
Mata Ganga Ji
Mahal :
Mata Nanki Ji, Mata Damodari Ji,
Mata Marvahi Ji
Sahibzadey :
Baba Gurditta Ji, Bibi Viro
Ji, Baba Suraj Mal Ji, Baba
Ani Rai Ji, Baba Atal Rai Ji,
(Guru) Tegh Bahadur Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
September 7,1644 at
Kartarpur Sahib (Pakistan)

8. Guru Har Rai Ji Birth : 26 February, 1630 Father : Baba Gurditta Ji
Mother :
Mata Nihal Kaur Ji
Siblings :
---
Mahal :
Mata Kishen Kaur Ji
Sahibzadey :
Baba Ram Rai, (Guru)
Harkrishan Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
October 6,1661

9. Guru Harkrishan Ji Birth : July 7, 1656 at Kiratpur (Punjab,India)
Father :
Guru Har Rai Ji
Mother :
Mata Kishen Kaur Ji
Siblings :
Baba Ram Rai
Mahal :
---
Sahibzadey :
---
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
March 30, 1664

10. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji Birth : April 1, 1621 at Amritsar (Punjab, India)
Father :
Guru Hargobind Ji
Mother :
Mata Nanaki Ji
Siblings :
Baba Gurditta Ji, Bibi Viro Ji,
Baba Suraj Mal Ji, Baba Ani
Rai Ji, Baba Atal Rai Ji
Mahal :
Mata Gujri Ji
Sahibzadey :
(Guru) Gobind Singh Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
November 11, 1675 at
Chandani Chowk,Delhi(India)

11. Guru Gobind Singh Ji Birth : December 22,1666 at Patna Sahib,
Bihar (India)
Father :
Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
Mother :
Mata Gujri Ji
Mahal :
Mata Sundari Ji, Mata Jeeto Ji,
Mata Sahib Kaur Ji
Sahibzadey :
Baba Ajit Singh Ji, Baba
Jujhar Singh Ji, Baba
Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba
Fateh Singh Ji
(offsprings)
Jyoti Jyot :
October 7, 1708 at Nanded
(Maharashtra, India)

12. TEN GURUS 1. Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji 2. Sri Guru Angad Dev Ji
3. Sri Guru Amardas Ji
4. Sri Guru Ramdas Ji
5. Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji
6. Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji
7. Sri Guru Har Rai Ji
8. Sri Guru Harkrishan Ji
9. Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur JI
10 Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji

13. SIKH HISTORY

14. INTRODUCTION / T.O.C
PROMINENT figures of Sikh history and MARTYRS that sacrificed their lives for SIKHI.
Notorious KHALSA WARRIORS & KINGS.
Movies of NIHUNGZ (practicing martial arts)
- Introduction to GATKA
Gatka Training movies
History and significance
Movie clip of an actual Gatka fighting camp in US
- A few gatka fighting scenes will be shown at the end, and how to actually practice the art of gatka.
AMAZING SHORT GATKA MOVIE CLIP ABOUT 15 minutes long, where the Singhs are actually practicing the art of gatka! Which is A MUST SEE video!!

15. GURU/SIKH MARTYRS
Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji The first Sikh Guru to be Martyred by Mughal Emperor Shahjehan (one who built Taj Mahal) for not converting to Islam. Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur ji - were Ninth Guru who were martyred by Emperor Aurungzeb at Chandani Chowk Delhi, for not converting to Islam. Bhai Matidass ji went along with Guru Tegh Bahadur and were martyred at Chandani Chowk Delhi.
Bhai Satidass ji went along with Guru Tegh Bahadur and were martyred at Chandani Chowk Delhi.
Bhai Dyal Dass ji also went along with Guru Tegh Bahadur to Delhi and were martyred at Chandani Chowk Delhi. Chhote Sahibzade were the young Sons of Guru Gobind Singh who were captured by the Mughal Governor of City of Sarhind, Wazir Khan. He martyred 7 year and 9 years Old Sikhs for not converting to Islam. Mata Gujari ji , Guru Gobind Singh's mother left this world after hearing the martyrdom of his grandsons .

16. CONTINUED…
Bhai Tarusingh ji were captured by Mughals on as he was feeding Sikhs who were hiding from Government. He was martyred by Mughals but only by cutting his scalp and not his hair.
Bhai Subeg singh and Bhai Shahbaz Singh were father and son who were martyred on specially created wheels.
Bhai Mani Singh ji was the pious Granthi of Golden Temple who was given option either to convert or to be cut into pieces. He picked death to be cut into pieces and with Gurbani on his lips he attained martyrdom.
The Khalsa Women and children were martyred by Meer Mannu for not converting to Islam. Many Sikhs were Martyred by the cruel Mughal Governor of Lahore named Zakriya Khan.

17. Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji’s Martyrdom (May 30, 1606)
A man is not afraid of martyrdom when he is ready to stand by the truth, die for his ideals and sacrifice his own self for the cause of the exploited and underprivileged. However the main reason that brought about Guru Arjan Dev ji’s martyrdom was that His son Khusro had rebelled against him and Jehangir suspected that Sikhs were aiding and abetting him. In Tauzik-e-Jehangir he describes the mission of Sikh gurus as ‘propagation of lies’. Guru Ji and his Sikhs were tortured and executed at Jehangir’s command.
When Guru Arjan Dev Ji was summoned to Lahore he grasped the situation and bequeathed the seat to Guru Hargobind Sahib before leaving. He also directed Bhai Budha Ji and Bhai Gurdas Ji to take care of daily matters. Before proceeding he told Mata Ganga Ji;

18. Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji’s Martyrdom (May 30, 1606)
"Jo aya so chalsi, sabh koi aayi variye"
(All who come have to depart too, each being gets his turn).
He arrived in Lahore along with five Sikhs and was incarcerated in the fort there. The Kazi ordered him to pay a fine but he refused. He also refused to make any alterations in Guru Granth sahib. Under Chadu’s supervision, they started torturing Guru Ji. He was made to sit on a hot stove, scorching sand was poured over his head, and he was put on heated metallic sheets. When Miyan Mir came to know of it he was extremely distressed; the Sikhs too were intensely agitated. However Guru Ji advised everybody to keep calm and conveyed his message in the following manner:
"aape har ikk rang hai aape bahurangi, jo tis bhave Nanaka sayi gall changi"
(He is the manifestation of each colour; He is also multicoloured Whatever He wills O Nanak, must be accepted with open heart)
This is a unique example of endurance, equanimity, resolve and self-respect. After enduring five days of unrelenting torture Guru Ji indicated to Sikhs that his time has come. The executioners took him to the waters of Ravi. Guru Ji chanted Japji Sahib there and with a tranquil mind left for his heavenly abode on 30 May 1606.

19. Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur ji’s Martydom (1675)
Auragzeb’s Ruthless Attitude
Aurangzeb ascended the throne of India by imprisoning his father and murdering his brothers. After resuming the power, he considered it to be his religious duty to convert all the people of India to Islam. He issued special orders in April 1669 to all his governors and officers throughout India to force the conversion to Islam by use of all possible, fair or unfair means. Non‑Muslims were not given jobs and additional taxes were imposed on them. Many temples were destroyed and were replaced by the mosques. Torture & killing were resorted to for conversion to Islam. Even the Muslims, who in any way assisted the non-Muslims, were mercilessly put to death. Conversion process started from Kashmir & other parts of India those were the strong holds for the Hindu faith. Idea was to convert the leaders first and then rest of the followers would have converted by themselves.

20. A group of brahmins approached Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib at Anandpur Sahib to make a plea to rescue their faith. Guru Sahib listened to them and was in deep thoughts when His 8 year old son, Gobind Rai, walked in and asked about the reason for His sadness. Guru Sahib told him about the endless misery of the Kashmiri Brahmins & other non-muslims.
Gobind Rai asked, "How could this intolerance be put to an end, Pita Ji (father)?".
Guru Sahib replied that it would require a sacrifice of life from a noble person. Gobind Rai immediately replied to his father, "who could be more noble than you for the supreme sacrifice?" Guru Sahib was pleased to hear such words of courage from His son. He immediately made up His mind, and told the Kashmiri Pundits to tell Aurangzeb, that if he could convert Guru Sahib to Islam, they would all convert as well.
When Aurangzeb received the message through his Governor, he immediately issued orders for the arrest of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib and that the Guru Sahib should be presented in his court at Delhi. After long & unsuccessful dialogue to persuade Guru Sahib to accept Islam, Guru Sahib had to accept one of the following three conditions:
1) Accept Islam and you would be given part of the Empire & all the comforts of life OR
2) Show miracle to prove that you are a Divine person & then you would be released OR
3) Be prepared to face death
Guru Sahib replied
1) I cherish my faith and I am not prepared to give it up. Forcing someone to give up one's faith is not only a sin but rather a deadly sin and such interference is against the principles of a true religion.
2) Showing miracle is against the Will of Waheguru and is act of shame & cowardness. Real miracle is to be truthful & attain union with Waheguru.
3) The threat of physical death possesses no terror for me. You make your preparations and you shall see the miracle yourself.

21. Aurangzeb now resorted to forceful persuasions
Aurangzeb now resorted to forceful persuasions. Guru Sahib was kept in chains and imprisoned in an iron cage . Iron cage was specially made to torture Guru Sahib as it was shorter than Guru Sahib's height and had sharp spikes pointing inwards so that Guru Sahib could neither stand upright nor lean against the walls of the cage. Guru Sahib remained in the cage for 3 days. The Emperor's ministers tried their best to persuade him to accept Islam but Guru Sahib remained firm.

22. Guru Sahib was allowed to perform His last prayers
Guru Sahib was allowed to perform His last prayers. After having bath at the nearby well, He recited Jap Ji Sahib Hymns under a large tree, the appointed place for execution. Guru Sahib asked the executioner, “Jalal-ul-din” perform the execution task when He would bow His head to the Almighty Waheguru after completion of the Jap Ji Sahib recitation. The great Guru Sahib sacrificed His life to bring freedom to practice faith of one’s own choice . At this site, Gurdwara “Sis Ganj” stands today marking the supreme martyrdom. The tree trunk is still preserved within the premises of the Gurdwara.

23. There was a tight security so that no one could come near the body
There was a tight security so that no one could come near the body. It is believed that before meeting with Aurangzeb, Guru Sahib had planned removal of His body with His close Sikhs. History has recorded that a furious storm raged immediately after the brutal assassination, which filled every one's eyes with dust. The clouds darkened the sky. Under the cover of darkness, Bhai Jaita rushed out with the head of Guru Sahib and went straight to Anandpur Sahib whilst making stops on the way at houses of the Sikhs appointed by Guru Sahib. The young Guru Gobind Singh Sahib performed the last rites of Guru Sahib’s head. At the place of cremation stands the Gurdwara “Sis Ganj” in Anandpur Sahib. Another Sikh, Lakhi Shah, retrieved Guru Sahib’s body. He carried it in his cart to his house located 2-3 miles away from the execution site. He and his sons put the body inside a room and performed the cremation by setting fire to their house. Gurdwara Rakab Ganj stands on the site in Delhi. Guru was supreme & great were Guru’s Sikhs.

24. Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib was an embodiment of sheer courage and bravery
Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib was an embodiment of sheer courage and bravery. The martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib is unique in the history of the World. The history of the world is full of martyrs, but they died for the defence of their own cause or their faith. But Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib sacrificed His life not for His own faith, but for the defence of the oppressed humanity and for freedom to practice one’s own faith. That is why Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib is regarded as “DHARAM DI CHAADAR” literally implying “Protector sheet (shield) for the faith” which means that He saved honour of the faith under threat like an intact sheet saves the dishonoured honour of a person with soiled or no clothes. Guru Gobind Singh Sahib describes Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib’s sacrifice in the Bachitar Natak through the following poetry:
Thhikar phor dileas sir, prabh pur kiya pyan. Tegh Bahadur si kiriya kari na kinhoo aan. Tegh Bahadur ke chalat bhayeyo jagat ko sok. Hai hai hai sub jug bhayeyo jai jai jai surlok”
"Having broken His body vessel on the head of the king of Delhi, Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib departed for Waheguru’s Home (Sach-khand); No one else in the world has performed such deed like Tegh Bahadur Sahib. Whilst the world was mourning the departure of Tegh Bahadur Sahib; There was rejoicing in Waheguru’s Home (as the seed to uproot the evil had been sown)."

25. On receipt of the second order from Aurangzeb, the Guru was asked to embrace Islam. The Guru refused. In order to intimidate the Guru, the qazis (Islamic magistrates) made a plan to torture to death, the Sikhs arrested with the Guru before his eyes. They thought that the Guru would embrace Islam out of fear on seeing the Sikhs murdered. The qazis decreed to cut Bhai Mati Dass with a saw first of all.
Hearing the order of the qazis, Bhai Mati Dass prayed to the Guru, "O True King ! bless me so that I may do my duty by sacfiflcing myself for the glory of the faith." After the Guru had blessed him, the qazis asked Bhai Mati Dass, "Brother, embrace Islam and enjoy the pleasures provided by the goveInment. Moreover when you die as a Muslim, you will go to heaven where there will be streams of milk, many kinds of wine to drink and beautiful women to enjoy. If you do not embrace Islam, your body will be sawn into two." Bhai Mati Dass replied, "I can sacrifice hundreds of such heavens for my faith. I don't need women nor wine. I see all the happiness in the path of my faith." After his refusal, the qazis asked him his last wish, to which he replied, 'When I am being cut with the saw, let my face be towards my mentor so that I may behold my Guru till my last breath and he may keep on seeing me so that he may be convinced how happily I reach my last destination." By the order of the qazis, the executioners sawed Bhai Mati Dass in two on the 8th November, 1675 A.D., in Chandani Chowk, Delhi.

26. Bhai Mati Daas (1675)
Bhai Mati Das was tied up between two wooden blocks and sawed in half .

27. Bhai Sati Daas (1675)
On the 10th November, 1675 A.D., the qazis ordered Bhai Sati Dass to be wrapped in cotton and burnt. Before being wrapped in cotton, the qazis asked Bhai Sati Dass, "Save your life by embracing Islam and live in pleasure." Bhai Sati Dass replied, 'You cannot understand that my pleasure and happiness lie only in obeying the command of my Guru. It does not lie in saving this life which must end one day." At this reply, the executioners wrapped Bhai Sati Dass in cotton, poured oil over it and set fire to it. Bhai Sati Dass remained calm while burning till his last breath and remained true to his resolve. Salute to Great Sikh Martyrs Bhai Mati Dass and Bhai Sati Dass

28. Bhai Dayala Daas (1675)
Bhai Dyala Ji being boiled in a cauldron - Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji left Anandpur Sahib to make the ultimate sacrifice for the Kashmiri Brahmins. Accompanying Guru Ji were five Sikhs, one of which was Bhai Dyala Ji. He was asked to embrace Islam or face death. He was tortured and boiled to death in front of Guru Ji.  

29. Bhai Subeg Singh and Bhai Shahbaz Singh (1746)
The Governor ordered Bhai Subeg Singh to become a Muslim and spy on the Singhs. Eighteen year old son of Bhai Subeg Singh, Shahbaz Singh, studied Persian from a maulvi. When the maulvi came to know of the arrest of Bhai Subeg Singh, he asked Bhai Shahbaz Singh to embrace Islam so that he may marry his daughter to him as he was handsome and genius. Bhai Shahbaz Singh refused his offer. The maulvi asked the Governor and had him arrested also. The qazi said to them, "If both of you embrace Islam, you will be pardoned . " At their refusal both of them were mounted on rotating wheels in sight of each other so that they might embrace Islam seeing each other suffering. But they did not forsake their faith although both became unconscious due to excessive loss of blood.

30. Bhai Subeg Singh and Bhai Shahbaz Singh (1746)
Next day, the qazi said to Bhai Shahbaz Singh, "Son ! your father has been executed. I can ward off your death if you become a Muslim even now." Bhai Shahbaz Singh replied, "Death cannot be put off. It must come one day." The qazi sent the son away, called for the father and said to him, 'Your son has agreed to embrace Islam and you should also consent to do so." Bhai Subeg Singh said, "I cannot give up my faith at any cost." The qazi again brought the father and son face to face. He again asked both of them to come to the fold of Islam. On their refusal, the qazi ordered both of them to be killed.

31. Bhai Mani Singh ji (1738)
Bhai Mani Singh was a great scolar who wrote down the bani as dictated to by Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

32. The Governor called Bhai Mani Singh to Lahore and demanded the tax money. Bhai Mani Singh said, "What for should I pay the money?" Then the Governor asked Bhai Mani Singh to embrace Islam. He refused. Qazi Abdul Razak ordered that Bhai Mani Singh be cut joint by joint. On the 14th June, 1738 A.D., he was martyred at Nakhaas Chowk by cutting him joint by joint.

33. Damdama Sahib
Gurdwara dedicated to the sacrifice of Bhai Mani Singh ji!

34. Bhai Taru Singh (1745)
Bhai Taru Singh…refusing to cut his hair was scalped when he said, "I shall keep my faith with these hair and you shall be controlled by my shoes and with these you will die.“

35. Bhai Taru Singh (1745)
Gurdwara in memory of Bhai Taru Singh ji!

36. Guru Gobind Singh Ji crossing the Sarsa river with his Khalsa.
On the fateful night of 20th December 1704 Guru Ji vacated Anandpur Sahib. Two Groups were formed, the first consisted of the ladies of the family and Guru Ji's two younger sons plus all the manuscripts prepared by Guru Ji. Bhia Uday Singh and 200 Sikhs was given the responsibility to protect them.The second consisted of Guru Ji, his two elder sons, the panj piaray and 400 Sikhs.  Guru Ji's camp was attacked by a strong Mughal force, heavily out numbered Guru Ji's group engaged in battle, fierce fighting ensued midst the rain, cold and darkness. Seeing the danger the first group pushed ahead to get the Guru's family to safety thus separating themselves from Guru Ji. Of the 400 in the second group only 42 survived including Guru Ji, his two sons and the panj piaray. Guru Ji reached the village of Chamkaur where he was offered shelter by the owner of a double storied house.

37. Gungu Brahmin leading Mata Gujri Ji and the teo young sahibzaday to his village Kheri.Mata Ji and Guru Ji's younger sons got separated from Guru Gobind Singh Ji when crossing the Sarsa river. They met Gungu who had once served Guru Ji's family as a cook. He sweet talked them into going with him to his village for safety. While they were asleep Gungu stole money and other valueables from them. When Mata Ji enquired about this he became furious and reported them to the emperial authorities. Soldiers came and arrested Mata Ji and the young Sahibzaday.  

38. Moti Mehra serving milk to the sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji and their grandmother.
Mata Ji and the Sahib zaday were arrested and imprisoned in a clod tower in the city of Sirhand. Hearing of this Moti Mehra a Sikh, risked his life to take a pitcher of milk for them. He bowed infront of them and offered the milk that he had brought. He did this for the three days they were captives in the tower.

39. Mata Gujri ji being imprisoned in a towerwith the chotay sahibzaday in a tower, with no food, and shelter

40. Baba Zoravar Singh & Baba Fateh Singh (1675)
The two younger sabihzaday (sons) of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji (aged 9) and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji (aged 5) being bricked up alive for refusing to embrace Islam.

41. Mata Gujri (1705)
Mata Gujari ji were prisoned on top of a tower which was opened from all sides without any warm clothes in very cold month of December. She continued the tradition of Sikhism and without complaints give her body singing guru ki Bani. Mata Gujari ji attained martyrdom the same day as her grandsons. No doubt Guru Nanak Dev ji had said "Why isn't woman equal to man when she is who gave birth to kings, and protectors of Dharma". Mata Gujari ji through upbringing of her grandsons played such an important role in Sikhism that as sikhs, we can owe our existence to her. It was due to her teachings that 6 year old and 9 year old did not bulge from their Dharma and attained martyrdom., thus continuing and emphasizing the institute of martyrdom in Sikhism. Seth Todar Mall, a kind-hearted wealthy man of Sirhind, cremated the three dead bodies the next day

42. Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji was Guru Ji's eldest son, born to Mata Sundhri Ji on 9th November 1686 at Anandpur Sahib. He received the gift of Amrit from the panj piaray on Baisakhi In the battle of Sarsa he had commanded the rear guard of Guru Ji's camp.In the Chamkaur fortress S.Ajit Singh Ji had seen the Sikh warriors go out in fives and die heroic deaths. He approched his father and asked if he could be next. Guru Ji took him in his arms and blessed him. Guru Ji sent him out with five Sikhs - Alim Singh, Jawahar Singh, Dhyan Singh, Sukha Singh and Bir Singh. The enemy fell before them as shrubs in a wind storm as they fought with great valour. When their arrows had been spend and swords broken they fell one by one. Sahibzada Ajit Singh at the tender age of 18 years died in battle as befitting a Sikh of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. 

43. Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji was Guru Gobind Singh Ji's second son
Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji was Guru Gobind Singh Ji's second son. Born on 27th November 1690 to Mata Jito Ji at Anandpur Sahib. Like his elder brother S.Ajit Singh Ji he received the gift of Amrit from the Panj Piaray on Baisakhi 1699.
By the time S.Ajit Singh Ji had fallen in battle at Chamkaur there were only 10 Sikhs left in the fortress. S.Jujhar Singh Ji had watched from the roof top, he approached his father and asked to follow his brother. Guru Ji embraced him and blessed him. Guru Ji sent out 5 more Sikhs with S.jujhar Singh Ji. The enemy dropped on them like the monsoon rains. S.Jujhar Singh Ji leapt into the enemy ranks and fought fearlessly, the moghals surprised to see such a young adversary. S. Jujhar Singh Ji at the tender age of 14 years fell in battle as befitting a son of Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

44. Khalsa Women & Meer Mannu’s Jail
Without any doubt, Sikh women had played an equal part in the struggle to keep alive the Khalsa ideals and beliefs. Sikh women worked as a silent majority in the background and sometimes as in the case of Mai Bhago exceeded the Khalsa men in warfare. But the most important part of Khalsa women was to raise the Khalsa children who kept the Khalsa alive. In Punjabi society, most often children hear stories by their grandmother, mother, aunts, etc. This builds up their character. Chhote Sahibzade, ( younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh) were raised on the stories of sacrifices of their great grandfather Guru Arjan Dev ji, their grandfather Guru Tegh Bahadur by their grandmother Mata Gujri ji(mother of Guru Gobind Singh ji, Tenth guru). When their turn came they happily sacrificed their lives, eventhough they were only 7 and 9 years old. This alone was the most amazing, glorious, sad and defining moment of the future of Sikhs. Seven and Nine years old were following the Will of God as dictated by Guru Nanak dev ji.

45. Khalsa Women & Meer Mannu’s Jail
In 1748 A.D. Thousands Women, Men and Children were arrested and brought to Lahore. At that time Sikh population was so small that it affected their numbers. A decade earlier, when similar thing had happened (governor had decided to kill all Sikhs) At that point people thought that all Sikhs are finished, but Bhai Gharjha Singh and Bhai Bota Singh came out of hiding and fought with Mughals, just to show them that Sikhs were far from finished.

46. Khalsa Women & Meer Mannu’s Jail
Meer Mannu ordered that all Infant Sikhs who were with their mothers at the jail above to be killed right away, only those were to be spared who accept Islam as their new religion. 300 or so Infant Sikhs were killed by Mughals and their dead bodies given back to their Khalsa mother, not even single mother embraced Islam. The atrocities committed on the Sikh women by the upholders of "Islam" were so great that in 1750 A.d. Salute to Sikh Women!! Our pride and our inspiration.

47. MANY MORE SIKH MARTYRS…
The imperial army entered the havaili on December 1716 and took all prisoner. Governor Abdas Samad Khan immediately put 200 Sikhs to death, the rest including Bandha Singh was set in iron cages and sent to Delhi. They reached Delhi on February Hundreds of Sikhs were beheaded every day. Life was promised if they embraced Islam. Not one Sikh abandoned his faith.

48. KINGS & WARRIORS

49. ~~~~~ KING OF ALL KINGS, WARRIOR OF ALL WARRIORS ~~~~~
SRI GURU GOBIND SINGH JI MAHARAJ
Everyone knows about our tenth Guru, Sri Guru Gobind Singh ji, I will briefly outline only a few of his contributions to the panth…
Guru Gobind Singh was formally installed Guru on the Baisakhi day of 1699.
His special contributions were that:
He was a Saint-solider and a poet. He took to sword to fight against the oppression generated by the contemporary rulers. He infused martial spirit in the people by soul-inspiring and heart-stirring heroic poetry. On March 30, 1699 he evolved a new Order in more than two centuries old Sikh tradition. The Order is known as Khalsa.
~~~~~ KING OF ALL KINGS, WARRIOR OF ALL WARRIORS ~~~~~

50. SRI GURU GOBIND SINGH JI MAHARAJ
Guru Gobind Singh Ji like his grandfather Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji led a princely life. Guru Sahib Ji used to hold court, sit on a throne and wear a crest on his head like a king. He used to carry a white falcon, ride a swift horse and used to go hunting like a king. Every word from his mouth was an order for his Sikhs. Bhai Sukha Singh writes in his Gur Bilas Patshahi Daswin : Guru Ji wore costly dress and valuable ornaments on his body. The sword hung from his left hand side… There was a shining girdle around his waist…A studded crest was worn on his head…In his hand he had a bow and in the other an arrow. In this way the Gracious Lord came on the throne, and like kings he had resident poets at his court.

51. Bhai Bachittar Singh (July, 1699)
Bhai Bachittar Singh taking on the might of the intoxicated elephant.
In July 1699 the second battle at Anandpur Sahib took place. Raja Bhim Chand and his forces plied alcohol to a war elephant and set it off towards the Sikhs. Guru Ji ordered Bhai Bachittar Singh to confront it. In the confrontation Bhai Ji wounded the elephant which retreated and trampled on Bhim Chands soldiers.

52. Baba Deep Singh ji ( )
When Baba Deep singh came to know of the demolition of Harminder Sahib, he narrated it to the congregation of Damdama Sahib and said, "Diwali will be celebrated at Amritsar this year." Five hundred Singhs came forward to go with him. Baba Deep Singh offered prayers before starting for Amritsar, "My head may fall at Harminder Sahib." By the time squad reached Taran Tarn the number of Singhs going with Baba Deep singh reached approximately Five thousand.

53. Baba Deep Singh ji ( )
At the news of the approach of Singhs, the Governor of Lahore sent his general with an army of Twenty thousand to face them. His army took up positions Six miles north of Amritsar and waited for the Singhs there. Both the armies clashed near Gohalwar on the 11th November, 1757 A.D. Fighting bravely Singhs pushed the army back and reached village Chabba where General Attal Khan came forward and inflicted a blow on Baba Deep Singh ji which made his neck lean to one side. A Sikh reminded him, "You had resolved to reach the periphery of the pool." On hearing the talk of the Sikh, he supported his head with his left hand and removing the enemies from his way with the strokes of his double-edged sword with his right hand, reached the periphery of Harmindar Sahib where he breathed his last. The Singhs celebrated the Diwali of 1757 A.D. in Harminder Sahib.

54. Bhai Banda Singh Bahadur (1708)
Bandha Singh Bahadur, Sikh general extraordinair, shook the Moghal empire by its foundations. A tantric bairagi (holy man), in 1708 he was baptised a Sikh by Guru Gobind Singh Ji and given the task to punish the tormentors of the Sikhs.
By 1709 he had reached the Punjab where he was joined by many Sikhs and Hindus. He sacked many moghul towns including Sadhaura, where the moghuls had killed Pir Buddhu Shah and his disciples. He defeated and punished the Hill Chiefs. Against heavy odds he attcked the city of Sirhand and killed the currupt Wazir Khan. Bandha singh extended his rule up to the river Ravi and occupied the whole of the Punjab.

55. Nawaab Kapur Singh (1721)
Nawab Kapoor Singh, became the supreme commander of the Sikh forces, at the time of the Misl formations

56. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1783)
Jassa Singh was the son of Badar Singh who had served under the great Bandha Singh Bahadur. When Jassa Singh was four years old his father died. He and his mother were taken in by Guru Gobind Singh Ji's widow Mata Sundri ji. She lavished great affection on Jassa Singh and brought him us as her own. He was only 13 years when is uncle Bhag Singh died and he took over hs jatha, later to be known as the Ahluwalia Misl. He fought along side Nawab Kapur Singh who appointed Jassa Singh as the commander of the Dal Khalsa and handed over to him the steel mace of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. In Novemer 1761 he captured Lahore and in 1783 advanced on Delhi and entered the Red Fort on March 11. He as given the title of Badshah Singh and installed on the throne of Delhi.

57. Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgarhia (1723)
Jassa Singh was born in 1723 near Lahore. His grandfather Hardas and father Bhagwan Singh both had the privilege and honour of serving Guru Gobind Singh Ji. After returning from Nanded Bhagwan Singh also served under the mighty Bundha Singh Bahadur, he was killed near Lahore in a battle against Nadir Shah.

58. Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgarhia (1723)
Jassa Singh was an expert swordsman, a brave and fearless warrior and the leader of the Ramgarhia misl. He fought many battles shoulder to shoulder with Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, the leader of the Dal Khalsa. He succeeded Hari Singh Bhangi in the leadership of the Taurana Dal and temporarily took over the leadership of the Dal Khalsa when the Ahluwalia sardar had been wounded in the battle against Ahmad Shah Abduli during his eighth invasion in His territories in the Bari Doab and Jallundhar Doad yielded an annual revenue of Rs.1.6 million for the Sikhs.

59. Charat Singh (1761)
On his invasions of India Ahmad shah Abdali was often relieved of his booty of treasures and slaves of women and children, which the Sikhs would return to their villages. Ahmad shah never forgot nor forgave the Sikhs for this and in 1761 charged his trusted general Nur-ud-din Bamzai to chastise the Sikhs. A great battle was fought on the banks of the Chenab against a Afghan force of 12,000 men. The Sikh forces was led by Charat Singh of the Sukherchakia Misl. The Afghans fled in disarray and took shelter in a fort in Sailkote. Charat Singh followed them and laid siege. The General finding his men starve, and demoralized abandoned them by disguising as a beggar. The booty at Sailkote fort provided the Sikhs with much needed artillery and war weapons.

60. Charat Singh (1761)
Charat Singhs victory over Gen. Nur-ud-din deeply disturbed Khawajha Ubaid Khan. The countiuous victories of the Sikhs meant they controlled the areas of central Punjab, the Doab, Naudaun and the Shivalik hills. To avoid the wrath of his master Ahamd Shah Abduli, Ubaid Khan recruited a huge force to attack the Sikhs. He marched on Gujaranwale the headquarters of Charat Singh and laid siege. The news of the attack on Charat Singh reached other famous Misl leaders like Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, Hari Singh Banghi, Jai Singh Kanhaiya, Lehna Singh, Sobha Singh and Gujjar Singh who rode to Gujaranwale to his aid.On reaching Gujaranwale Khan feld with his forces without striking a single blow.

61. AKALI PHOOLA SINGH
The great Sikh General, Jathedar Akali Phoola Singh, was born in His father Ishar Singh was fatally wounded during the great massacre of Sikhs (Wada Ghalughara) in Before his death he charged Bhai Narain Singh of Misl Shaheedan with the responsibility of raising his infant son.
Akali Ji, by the age of ten, could recite Nitnem and other Gurbani hymns. At Anandpur Sahib, he always kept himself busy doing sewa or reading Gurbani, and he became very popular with the sangat. Because of his scholastic attitude and commitment to Panthic welfare, he was made the leader (Jathedar) of the Misl after the death of Bhai Narain Singh. In 1800, he came to Amritsar and made the Mahants improve the management of the Gurdwaras. The major credit for extending the boundaries of the Sikh Raj goes to Akali Ji, the legendary general of the Sikhs.

62. ==> BAGHAEL SINGH was a resident of Chubhal, Amritsar
==> BAGHAEL SINGH was a resident of Chubhal, Amritsar. This Sant Sepahi belonged to the "Karohdhi" Misl. In sunmat 1847, working with the Khalsa forces, he attacked and captured Delhi. He received three lakh rupees from the Shah Aalam which he used to build the Delhi Gurudwaras and acquire their surrounding lands. He returned to Punjab after successful completion of all the historical Gurudwara constructions. Baghael Singh led an exemplary life devoted extensively to amrit prachar. Many well known Sikh personalities including Patiala's Raja Sahib Singh Ji, received amrit under Baghael Singh's guidance. He passed away on sunmat 1859 in Amritsar.

63. Sher-E-Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Shere-a-punjab (Lion of the Punjab) Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
Although not formally educated, he was very shrewd and strong of character. Not only was he a great warrior and conqueror but he was an extremely compassionate, mild and merciful ruler.
The throne of Mararaja Ranjit Singh, in all humility he never used it, instead prefering to sit on the floor next to it.

64. Maharaja Dalip Singh (1837)
Maharaja Dalip Singh, son of Ranjit Singh. Last Raja of the Sikhs.
Dalip Singh was the youngest son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He was born to Maharani Jindan on Sept 6, At the age of five years he was proclaimed Maharaja of the Punjab.
The treaty of Lahore of March 1846 made the British Government responsible for the administration of the state and the protection of the Raja. The treacherous British provoked a rebellion and made the Raja acknowledge that it was against the Government of his ward and they punished the child by confiscating his dominion and his treasures for their own use.
Under the guardianship of Sir John Login in England Dalip Singh was converted to Christianity. In 1863 on returning to India with the ashes of his mother the Sikh spirit awakened in him and he re- converted back to Sikhism.

65. Bibi Sada Kaur (1762)
The Amrit of Guru Gobind Singh Ji not only brought about a revolution in aspects of society but also raised women to a position of equality, socially, politically and on the battlefield as well. Amoung the numerous examples of women showing courage and strength on the battlefront was Sada Kaur. Born in 1762 she went on to marry Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya, the only son of Misldhar Jai Singh Kanhaiya. Sada Kaur played an important role in uniting the Khalsa forces under the command of Ranjit Singh to drive out the Afghan invader Shah Zaman.

66. Mai Bhago (1704)
Mai Bhago leading the Majha Singhs along with the forty deserters to the battle of Mukhatsar.
In 1704 Anandpur was under siege. Provisions were completely exhausted and some Sikhs asked permission to leave. Guru Ji insisted that if they were to go that they write a disclaimer that they were no longer the Sikhs of Guru Ji. Forty Sikhs did so and returned home. On reaching their village they were charged by a lady by the name of Mai Bhago to poured scorn on their lack of faith a courage. She led them back to Anandpur where they joined the famous battle at Mukhatsar.
At the end of the battle Guru Gobind Singh Ji looking for survivors found Mai Ji wounded. She told Guru Ji that the forty had died valiant deaths. Guru Ji was touched by this great sacrifice and sought out the leader of the group Maha Singh, who was fatally wounded, Guru Ji took out the disclaimer the forty had signed and tore it up. Mai Bhago survived the battle and served Guru Ji and died at a ripe old age.Home Gallery   

68. NIHUNGS
MARTIAL ARTS IN THE WAY OF NIHUNGS. This footage was taken a few years ago at a Nihung dal, in India. I believe it was at holla mohalla when these khalsa warriors show their skills in horseback riding, and gatka.

69. Introduction to Gatka
Gatka, is an ancient martial art used by the Gurus to help defend the religious beliefs of Sikhi and also those of other religions.

70. Sri Guru Hargobind Ji, also encouraged and taught his followers, of which a majority joined his army to keep fit and practice Gatka, along with their NITNEM (prayers).
In one of the Sakhis (religious stories), it states that when Guru Arjan Dev Ji was captured, he sent a Hukam (command) to Sri Guru Hargobind Ji who had not yet become the sixth Guru of the Sikhs, to gather an army of Gursikhs to defend against the attacks carried out by the Moguls on Harmandir Sahib Ji (Golden Temple) in Amritsar.
It is said that an army of seven hundred Sikhs successfully defended the Harmandir Sahib Ji for twenty-four hours, from the countless attacks made by the Mogul Empire.

71. Guru Hargobind Ji fought 5-6 major battles in his time
Guru Hargobind Ji fought 5-6 major battles in his time. Together with his spiritual guidance and with the aid of Gatka defended all the God loving souls (Bhagats) from all religions, to uphold the name of God.
There is no real evidence that Sri Guru Hari Rai Ji (7th Guru) practised Gatka, but being the successor of an expert martial artist and a great militant leader he must have initially learnt such an art. Although in his time and in his successors time (Sri Guru Hari Krishan Ji), the art of Gatka was practised by a few people.

72. The ninth Guru, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadar Ji was supposedly seen practising Gatka alone by the Mogul army, his speed and accuracy was both an alarming and surprising experience for them. However the real lift of Gatka began in his son's time Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji who is and was described as the most perfect person on earth, as he was very intelligent and could speak and write a number of different languages with equal comfort. He was spiritually blessed by his father and had great athletic abilities. He was known as the greatest master of weaponry of his time and it is assured that he was taught Gatka by his father and his followers from a very young age. His ability was much admired by his army of followers and to this day the fact that he and his army fought and won so many battles against countless numbers of Mogul soldiers with a very limited amount of men and weapons, to this day leaves historians all over the world surprised.

73. As far as the Sikhs can recall Gatka goes back to about 1200 years, but some say it goes back a lot further. In the past few centuries, Gatka has mainly been practised in India by the Nahang Singhs, who are Sikhs who believe in the importance of preserving the type of dress (Bana) and weaponry as was worn by the Gurus. Their history is not very well known and their leader/Sant is Baba Nahal Singh Ji who is very well respected around the world. At Baba Jis Gurdwara in India, Gatka is taught to the public in small numbers. Sant Nahal Singh Ji has made frequent visits to England.

74. In the last 2-3 years Sikh Nahang, Bhai Nanak Dev Singh, an American who converted to Sikhi by the influence of Bhai Harbajan Singh Ji -"yogi", has helped to spread Gatka around the world, especially around America and Europe. He has helped to write and publish a book in English called Gatka which teaches the basic's of this art. It is the first ever book about Gatka to be published anywhere in the world.

75. Well people may still question the effectiveness of Gatka in the streets. During our research we learned that in 1984 when the Golden Temple was attacked by the Indian Army, it is said that four Singhs stood at each of the doors of the temple, swinging their Shasters (full length swords) in a basic movement from the Gatka and nobody could come within a ten-metre range of them.

76. Every summer, Guru Gobind Singh Foundation (located in Rockville, MD) holds an annual Sikh Youth Camp entitled Camp Gurmat. A 12 minute film has been created that summarizes last year's Gatka Show. It shows the hard work of all individuals involved and gives a retrospect as to what Gatka is and how it is intertwined within the Sikh spirit. The film puts into perspective that Gatka being practiced today should be held in great light as it gives a gateway to Sikh history and endless Sikh pride.

77. END OF PRESENTATION
Some final thoughts: We hope the sangat learned something about our history, and how valuable Sikhism is since soooooo many Sikhs sacrificed their lives for it! People of other faiths have adopted to the principles of Sikhism, and they weren’t even born into it, yet they discovered this priceless diamond, but us on the other hand are born into such a beautiful religion, with good karm, yet still fall prey to society, and the western world. We need to abandon the modern way of living, which brings soo much dukh into our lives, and adopt our Guru’s teachings. We need to reflect upon ourselves and make yourself a better person according to the teachings of your Gurus. Bhul chuk maaf karnee ji. We’ll have more projects like these in the future, some topics that will be covered with details and sources will be on MEAT, and 1984: BEFORE & AFTER. So look for those projects in the near future. Gajj wajj key fateh bulao ji……
Waheguru ji ka khalsaaaa…Waheguru ji ki fateh!!!!!!!!