1. Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1
Harold J. Sheedlo, Ph.D.
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics

2. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Abdominal Aorta
Common iliac arteries (L4)
External iliac artery
Inferior epigastric artery
Deep circumflex iliac artery

3. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Abdominal Aorta
Common iliac arteries
Internal iliac artery
Posterior division
Iliolumbar artery
Superior gluteal artery
Lateral sacral arteries

4. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Internal iliac artery
Anterior division
Obturator artery
Umbilical artery
Vaginal/uterine artery
Inferior vesical artery
Middle rectal artery
Internal pudendal artery
Inferior gluteal artery

5. Muscles of Pelvis Piriformis muscle Obturator internus muscle
Coccygeus muscle
Levator ani muscles
Iliococcygeus muscle
Pubococcygeus muscle
Puborectalis muscle

6. Muscles of Perineum Ischiocavernosus muscle Bulbospongiosus muscle
Sphincter urethrae muscle
Deep transverse perineal muscle
Superficial transverse perineal muscle

7. Ligaments of Pelvis Sacrotuberous ligament Sacrospinous ligament
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Proper ligament of ovary
Broad ligament
Mesometrium
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx

8. Ligaments of Pelvis Round ligament of uterus
Cardinal ligament - uterine vessels

9. Nerves of Pelvis and Perineum
Lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5)
Sacral plexus - ventral rami of S1, S2, S3 and S4
Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)
Perineal nerve
Inferior rectal nerve
Dorsal nerve of clitoris or penis
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

10. Veins of Pelvis and Perineum
Inferior vena cava (L5)
Common iliac veins
Internal iliac veins
External iliac veins (femoral vein)
Testicular or ovarian veins (left or right)

11. Female Organs Infundibulum of uterine tube Fimbriae
Ampulla of uterine tube
Isthmus of uterine tube
Uterine part
Uterus
Fundus
Body
Internal os

12. Female Organs Cervix Internal os External os Vagina Fornices Vestibule
Vulva

13. Male Organs Scrotum Skin Superficial (Dartos’) fascia
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Testis
Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layers
Epididymis
Tunica albuginea - seminiferous tubules

14. Male Organs Ductus (vas) deferens Seminal vesicles Prostate
Ejaculatory ducts
Lobes
Middle - benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Posterior - cancer prone

15. Male Organs Corpus caverosum (corpora cavernosa) Corpus spongiosum
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Spongy urethra

16. Male and Female Pelvis Sacrum Ischial tuberosities
Shape of pelvic inlet
Pelvic inlet to pelvic outlet
Pubic arch
Size of pelvic cavity

17. Perineum
Boundaries
Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle

18. Urinary Bladder Posterior of retropubic space Apex is anterior
Ureters enter bladder posteroinferior
Trigone - orifices of ureters and uvula of bladder
Interureteric crest
Vesicouterine pouch - female
Rectovesical pouch - male

19. Rectum Arterial supply Superior rectal artery
Middle and inferior rectal arteries
Venous drainage
Superior rectal vein
Middle and inferior rectal veins

20. Anus Anal columns Anal valves Pectinate line
Upper half and lower half of anal canal joins
Differences
Epithelium (SCE, SSE)
Nervous innervation
Arterial supply (SRA, IRA)
Venous drainage (SRV, IRV)
Lymphatic drainage

21. Examinations Rectal examination Male - prostate, seminal vesicle
Female - cervix
Bimanual examination in female
Uterus
Uterine tube
Ovary

22. Clinical Hemorrhoids Internal - srv External - irv Hysterectomy
Uterine artery
Ureter
Vasectomy
Episiotomy
Pudendal nerve block

23. Practical Examination
25 gross anatomy and 10 histology
Gross anatomy
1 x-ray (computer)
1 cross section (computer)
9 second order

24. Practical Examination
Gross anatomy
3 arteries
2 nerves
3 veins
8 structures or organs
4 regions
1 muscle
2 bones

25. Practical Examination
Gross anatomy
7 female structures
6 first order
1 second order
7 male structures
4 first order
3 second order
Histology (computer)
5 female and 5 male
5 first order
5 second order