1. A Chemist’s “Dozen” http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsteachers/VKundrat/MOLE_DAY_EXPLOD%5B1%5D.gif

2.  The particles that make up matter (ions, atoms, and molecules) are extremely small  Only large amounts of these particles can be weighed. In order to simplify these large numbers we use the mole  1Mole = 6.022 x 10 23 particles ▪ Particles can be atoms, molecules, ion, bananas, lollipops, etc.

3.  1Mole = 6.022 x 10 23 particles  Particles can be atoms, molecules, ion, bananas  6.022 x 10 23 is known as Avogadro’s Number Amedeo Avagadro 1776-1856

4.  How does the mole get this specific value?  The value of the mole is equal to the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. ▪ 12g C = 1 mole C atoms = 6.022 x 10 23 C atoms  This definition gives a relationship between mass (grams) and the number of atoms (Avagadro’s number)

5.  A Road Map Grams Atoms Mole Gram formula mass Molar Mass 6.022 x 10 23 Avagadro’s Number Remember: The Molar Mass is the sum of the weights of each element in the compound. NH 3 would be 1(14)+3(1)= 17 g/mol

6.  E.g. How many atoms are in one mole of pennies? 1 mole pennies 6.022 x 10 23 pennies = 6.022 x 10 23 pennies 1 mole pennies Avagadro’s Number http://www.vectorjunky.com/gallery/m/Mole-with-Shovel.jpg

7.  E.g. How many grams are in 1 mole of sodium? 1 mol Na 23 g Na = 23 grams sodium 1 mol Na This is the Gram Formula Mass (gfm) ratio

8.  E.g. How many molecules are in 13 grams of H 2 SO 4 ?  Solve in two steps. 13 g H 2 SO 4 1 mol H 2 SO 4 6.022 x 10 23 molecules H 2 SO 4 = 98 g H 2 SO 4 1 mol H 2 SO 4 = 7.988 x 10 22 molecules H 2 SO 4 Gfm Avagadro’s Number

9.  E.g. How many moles are in 31 atoms of copper? 31 atoms 1 mol = 5.148 x 10 -23 moles copper 6.022 x 10 23 Avagadro’s Number http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4007/4212783868_9ba7287e6e.jpg