1. EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT
AND
ORGANIZATION THEORY

5. ORIGINS OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
Moses
Influence of Ancient Rome
Military Heritage of Public Administration
Moses having led the Israelites out of captivity, was turned to for everything, settling disputes great and small. His father-in-law saw this and taught him how to delegate.
As tribes gathered together for protection, they built walls to defend themselves from attacks. This required the organizing of armies, and families to support the armies. Wars, battles, fought to conquer lands and is the history of the world. Thus, the history of public admin began and developed as a profession of arms. Logistics and hierarchy, strategy, and reform developed out of necessity as armies grew in size.
Vocabulary is militaristic in origin.
2. Roman Centurions were first professional fighting officers in history, who passed technical skills & discipline from generation to generation, enabling Rome to dominate the world for 5 centuries! They were motivated by not only loyalty but the tenets of the first merit system, regular pay, and retirement payments. Caesar raised taxes to support this system.

6. EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
Comparing Military & Civilian Principles
The Principles Approach
Cross-Fertilization of Military & Civilian Management

7. WHAT IS ORGANIZATION THEORY?
Classical Organization Theory
Adam Smith & The Pin Factory

8. ORIGINS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Fredrick Taylor
Fayol’s General Theory of Management

9. PERIOD OF ORTHODOXY
Paul Appleby’s Polemic
Luther Gulicks POSDCORB

10. MEANINGS OF BUREAUCRACY
All Government Offices
All Public Officials
A General Invective
Max Weber’s Structural Arrangements

11. NEOCLASSICAL THEORY
Herbert Simon’s Influence
The Impact of Sociology

12. MODERN STRUCTURAL THEORY
Basic Assumptions
Mechanistic and Organic Systems

13. SYSTEMS THEORY
Cybernetics
The Learning Organization