1. Overview and Integration 16-1Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations

2. After studying this chapter, you should be able to:  Summarize major findings about leadership traits, skills, behavior, influence processes, and situational variables.  Understand key points of convergence in findings from different approaches for studying leadership.  Understand what progress has been made in integrating the findings in different approaches for studying leadership. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-2

3.  Understand similar explanatory processes in dyadic, group, and organization-level theories of effective leadership.  Understand how the methods used for studying leadership affect what is learned about it.  Understand what has been learned about the essence of effective leadership. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-3

4. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-4 Summarize major findings about leadership traits, skills, behavior, influence processes, and situational variables

5.  The leadership situation  Leadership behavior  Power and influence  Traits and skills Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-5

6. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-6 Understand key points of convergence in findings from different approaches for studying leadership

7.  Leadership success is mediated by effects of leader traits  Leader traits influence leader behavior  Effect of leader behavior on leader power and influence Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-7

8.  Relationship of leader and follower traits and the impact on influence behavior  Joint interaction of traits, power, behavior and situation to determine effectiveness Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-8

9. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-9 Understand what progress has been made in integrating the findings in different approaches for studying leadership

10. A core set of intervening variables determine performance at all levels.  Variables that mediate the effects of leadership behavior on individual follower performance  Variables that mediate the effects of leader  Variables that mediate the effects of leaders on organizational performance Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-10

11. Situational Variables:  Favorable  Unfavorable  Leader influence on situational variables Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-11

12. Reciprocal Influence  Leader as independent variable  Leader as dependent variable Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-12

13. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-13 Understand similar explanatory processes in dyadic, group, and organization-level theories of effective leadership

14.  Role specialization and differentiation  Employee talent and human capital  Efficacy and optimism  Trust and cooperation  Social identification Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-14

15.  Role modeling and cascading  Human resource programs and systems  Empowerment  Culture  Collective learning and innovation Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-15

16. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-16 Understand how the methods used for studying leadership affect what is learned about it

17. Biases in conceptualizations  Heroic versus shared leadership  Emphasis on dyadic processes  Inadequate explanatory processes  Inattention to context Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-17

18.  Qualitative versus quantitative  Survey versus experimental  Level of analysis  Other issues Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-18

19. Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-19 Understand what has been learned about the essence of effective leadership

20.  Meaning of Events  Create alignment  Task commitment and optimism  Mutual trust and cooperation  Collective identity Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-20

21.  Organize and coordinate activities  Collective learning  Resources and support  Develop and empower  Promote social justice and morality Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education Leadership in Organizations16-21