1. Astronomy Common Assessment Review and Learning Targets

2. We are learning to: describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain days, years, and seasons.
We are looking for: description of:
Days- Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours
Years-Earth revolves around the sun days
Seasons-Earth revolves around the sun as the Earth is tilted on its axis

3. Why do we have night and day?
Earth’s rotation
Earth’s revolution
Tilt of the Earth on its axis
I need Help!

4. What causes Earth to experience different seasons?
It rotates on its axis while it revolves around the sun
It revolves on its axis while it rotates around the sun
It is tilted while it rotates around the sun.
It is tilted while it revolves around the sun.
I need help!

5. If the Earth’s Revolution was slower, we would experience
Longer days
Shorter days
Longer years
Shorter years
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6. Of the following, which does not affect seasons?
Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees
The Earth revolves around the sun
The Earth’s distance from the sun
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7. We are learning to: describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain phases (moon cycles), eclipses, tides   We are looking for: a description of -Phases-moon revolves around the Earth approximately once a month -Eclipse-are random predictable; one object moves in front of another object in relation to the position of the sun -Tides-high tide occurs approximately twice a day due to the gravitational pull of the moon

8. Which phase occurs when the moon is in between the Earth and the sun?
Full moon
New moon
1st Quarter moon
3rd quarter moon

9. What causes us to see different phases of the moon?
Light refracts off of the surface of the moon.
The moon rotates around the Earth.
We see different perspectives of the moon.
I need help!

10. What is the main cause of tides?
The gravitational pull of the moon
The gravitational pull of the sun
The gravitational pull of the Earth
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11. Neap Tide Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse Seasonal Change
If the sun, moon, and Earth are perfectly aligned (as pictured), what event will occur on Earth?
Neap Tide
Solar Eclipse
Lunar Eclipse
Seasonal Change

12. When studying a solar eclipse, which would be a proper method of viewing the sun?
Wear sunglasses
Use a telescope
Use a magnifying glass
Use filters that are specifically designed to view eclipses
I need help!

13. We are learning to: explain that gravitational force determines motions in the solar system and keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.   We are looking for: explanation that *All objects in the solar system have gravity. *Sun has the greatest mass, thus has the greatest gravitational pull within our solar system. *Since planets have inertia, they do not get pulled into the sun. *Gravity keeps the planets in orbit.

14. What is an object’s resistance to a change in motion?
Gravity
Inertia
Mass
Friction
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15. It will fly off into space. It will hit the nearest planet.
Predict what would happen if Earth stopped its forward motion around the sun?
It will fly off into space.
It will hit the nearest planet.
It will get pulled into the sun.
It will continue to revolve. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

16. What keeps planets revolving around the sun?
The sun’s gravitational pull.
The planet’s mass.
The planet’s magnetic field.
The Sun’s inertia.
I need help! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

17. We are learning to: *Compare the composition and orbits of comets and asteroids with that of Earth. We are looking for: Composition of comets, asteroids, and Earth 1. Earth is composed of rock with many layers and has a core of dense metal 2.Comets are composed of ice and dust (dirty snowball) 3. Asteroids are composed of chunks of solid rock with heavy metal Orbits of comets, asteroids, and Earth’s 1. Earth’s orbit is elliptical 2. Comet’s orbit is elongated and elliptical 3. Asteroids are irregularly shaped and orbit in the asteroid belt

18. We are learning to: Describe the effect that asteroids or meteoroids have when traveling through space and entering planetary atmospheres.
We are looking for:
Asteroids are large rocky objects that orbit the sun. If they hit the Earth the impact could be catastrophic.
Meteorites are small rocky objects hit the Earth all the time and do not cause much damage.
A rock changes its classification based on its location:
Meteoroid – rock located in outer space
Meteor – rock burning up in the Earth’s atmosphere (Shooting Star/Meteor Shower)
Meteorite – rock that hits the ground

19. An icy object that has an elongated orbit around the sun is referred to as a(n)….
Asteroid
Comet
Meteor
Meteorite
I don’t know! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

20. The flash of light produced when a meteoroid passes through the Earth’s atmosphere is a(n)
Asteroid
Comet
Meteor
Meteorite
I don’t know! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

21. Why does a meteoroid create a streak of light when entering the Earth’s atmosphere?
Light from the sun is reflected off the surface of each
Energy is released from the objects
Lightning is produced from these objects
Light is a result of friction from the gasses in the atmosphere
I don’t know! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

22. Which of the following applies to meteoroids and asteroids.
They are similar in size.
They are rocky and/or metallic.
They are composed of frozen gases, ice, and dust.
They orbit the sun in highly elliptical patterns.
I don’t know! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23. Which of the following objects would cause the most damage if it hit the Earth?
Asteroid
Meteoroid
Meteorite
Meteor
I don’t know!

24. We are learning to: identify and describe telescopes, probes, satellites, and space crafts   We are looking for: telescope- refracting, reflecting, and radio are used to view distant objects probe-machines sent to other locations in the solar system and are used to investigate/explore satellite-orbits around the earth or other planets and are used to take photos and collect data space craft-mode of transportation to send humans to locations in the solar system;

25. We are learning to: examine advances of different people, culture, and times in astronomy. We are looking for: examples of how telescopes have changed and been improved over time and their impact on science and technology .

26. Which type of telescope focuses light using a mirror?
Reflecting Telescope
Refracting Telescope
Radio Telescope
Infrared Telescope
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27. One of the greatest advancements in astronomy was the telescope
One of the greatest advancements in astronomy was the telescope. Which is the correct order of advancements?
Radio- refracting-reflecting
Reflecting – refracting –radio
Refracting-reflecting-radio
Radio- reflecting-refracting
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28. Which type of telescope focuses light through transparent lenses?
Reflecting Telescope
Refracting Telescope
Radio Telescope
Infrared Telescope
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29. Which of the following is an advantage of a space-based, satellite telescope like Hubble?
Satellite telescopes are much closer to the stars.
Satellite telescopes are able to see through solid objects.
Satellite telescopes can detect wavelengths that are blocked by the atmosphere.
Satellite telescopes have the ability to see the future.
I need help!

30. We are learning to: explain interstellar distances are measured in light years   We are looking for: the explanation of and the use of the light year *explain a light year as the distance light travels in a year *explain that distances are too great to be measured in miles or kilometers

31. A light year is a measurement of…
Distance
Time
Speed
Acceleration
I don’t know! I need help!

32. Why do astronomers measure interstellar distances in light years instead of kilometers or miles?
Light years are a measure of time.
Miles and kilometers are too small of a unit.
Miles and kilometers are too large of a unit.
I don’t know! I need help!

33. You are viewing a star that is 20 light years away
You are viewing a star that is 20 light years away. When was the light from this star produced?
Before you were born
After you were born
10 years ago
2 years ago
I don’t know! I need help!

34. We are learning to: examine the life cycle of a star (characteristics; HR diagram) We are looking for: a description of how stars are classified by characteristics and then organized on an HR diagram. Characteristics Size- Giant, main sequence, and dwarf Temperature- blue=hot; red=cooler Brightness- apparent brightness and absolute magnitude HR diagram shows temperature, brightness, color of stars and where the star is in its life cycle. Used to graph the surface temperature (x-axis) vs. brightness (y-axis) Hotter stars are on left side of graph; cooler stars on the right side of the graph Brighter stars on top of graph; dimmer stars on bottom of graph

35. Which characteristic of stars cause them to be different colors?
chemical composition
distance
size
temperature
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36. Which color would describe the youngest and hottest star?
blue
red
orange
yellow
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37. Which star would be the brightest if all the stars are the same distance from Earth?
Main sequence
Neutron Star
Red super giants
White dwarf
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38. How would you classify our star, the sun, on the H-R diagram?
Main sequence
Red giant
White dwarf
Red supergiant
I need help.

39. We are learning to: Examine the life cycle of a star and predict the next likely stage .
We are looking for: progression of the stages of a star’s life
Nebulae- cloud of gas and dust
Protostar- fusion begins
Main sequence- average star
Giant/red-giant- more massive stars
Nova/supernova - exploding star
White dwarf- no nuclear process
Black dwarf- no heat or light
Black Hole (area of large gravitational attraction) or Neutron star (very dense star)

40. If given a protostar, what is the next likely stage of the star?
Super Giant
Nova
Main Sequence
Neutron Star
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41. What is the first stage of the birth of a star?
Protostar
Nebula
Giant
Dwarf
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42. What happens to the most massive stars as they near their death?
super nova to a black hole
super nova to a red giant
becomes a white dwarf
nothing happens
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43. What is the next likely stage of our sun?
White dwarf
Black dwarf
Red giant
Super nova
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44. We are learning to: explain that universe has billions of galaxies and are classified by shape
We are looking for: shapes of galaxies
Spiral- mix of old and new stars
Elliptical- more developed galaxies with older stars
Irregular-newer galaxies with newer stars

45. By what are galaxies classified?
Color
Temperature
Size
Shape

46. What type of galaxy is illustrated in the following picture?
Irregular
Spiral
Elliptical
I have no idea.. I need help!

47. More developed galaxies with older stars
Type of Galaxy
Elliptical
Spiral
Irregular
Shape of Galaxy
(Draw Diagram)
More developed galaxies with older stars
Types of stars
Newer galaxies with newer stars
Mix of old and new stars