2. 8 th Grade Stars and Galaxies Review

3. A:B: ConstellationNebula #1 An instrument that helps astronomers determine The composition of a star C:D: SpectroscopePhotosphere

4. C. Spectroscope

5. A:B: Absolute magnitudeAbsolute zero #2 The actual amount of light a star gives off. C:D: Light yearApparent magnitude

6. A. Absolute magnitude

7. A:B: nebulaconstellation #3 A gigantic system of stars, gas, dust, and planets Held together by gravity. C:D: galaxyspectroscope

8. C. Galaxy

9. A:B: constellationfusion #4 A huge cloud of gas and dust from which a star is born. C:D: nebulaspectroscope

10. C. nebula

11. A:B: fusionthe object is disappearing #5 A shift toward the red end of the spectrum indicates ______________. C:D: the object is getting closer the object is moving away

12. C. The object is moving away

13. A:B: It was once bigger than it is today It was once smaller than it is today #6 If a shift to the red end of the spectrum is seen in many stars, what can be inferred about the size of our universe? C:D: None of these All of the stars are red giants

14. B. It was once smaller than it is today

15. A:B: Light yearApparent magnitude #7 The distance light travels in one year. C:D: Astronomical unitAbsolute year

16. A. Light year

17. A:B: The distance from the sun to the closest star Apparent magnitude #8 Light years would be use to measure__________. C:D: The distance from the Earth to the Moon None of these

18. A. the distance from the sun to the closest star

19. A:B: PhotosphereSun Spot #9 Amount of stars light as observed from the earth. C:D: Absolute magnitudeApparent magnitude

20. D. Apparent magnitude

21. A:B: The star is burning outThe star is moving away from Earth C:D: The star is getting cooler Red shift #10 These patterns are part of a star’s spectrum. Figure 1 shows the actual spectrum lines. Figure 2 shows the same lines as viewed from Earth. What can be inferred by the spectra in Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 2

22. B. The star is moving away from Earth

23. A:B: Black holeFusion #11 Most accepted theory for the origin of the universe. *This theory is supported by the red shift of light from stars and galaxies. C:D: GalaxyBig bang

24. D. Big bang

25. A:B: Black holeFusion #12 Theory that a gigantic explosion sent matter and energy expanding out into space. C:D: GalaxyBig bang

26. D. Big bang

27. A:B: Milky WaySnickers #13 The name of the galaxy we live in. C:D: SpectroscopeConstellation

28. A. Milky Way

29. A:B: Milky WaySnickers C:D: SpectroscopeConstellation #14 The name of the galaxy we live in.

30. A. Milky Way

31. A:B: B-C diagramH-R diagram C:D: M-R diagramH-P diagram #15 Diagram that shows the relationship between a star’s temperature and its luminosity (brightness)

32. B. H-R diagram

33. A:B: regularirregular #16 The type of galaxy we live in. C:D: Main sequencespiral

34. D. Spiral

35. A:B: irregularbinary stars C:D: main sequencespiral #17 90% of the stars are in this category.

36. C. Main Sequence

37. A:B: H (hydrogen) He (helium) #18 Stars are mainly composed of _____________. C:D: C (carbon)O (oxygen)

38. A.H (hydrogen) & B. He (helium)

39. A:B: Of average absolute magnitude A yellow star #19 What of these describe\s our Sun? C:D: A main sequence starsAll of these

40. D. All of these

41. A:B: Red GiantMain Sequence #20 Our Sun is currently in which stage? C:D: Yellow GiantYellow Dwarf

42. B. Main Sequence

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