1. Principals of Government
Chapters 1 and 2
Principals of Government

2. Chapter 1 The Nature of Power Politics and Government Pages 3 – 17
YOU should READ these pages. 

3. What is Government
Institutions and officials organized to establish and carry out public policy

4. Authority The legal right or power to give orders and enforce rules
Who is your life has authority over you?
How did they get that right?

5. Power What is Power? How do you get it? How do you use it?
How willing do those who are being led have to be?
The ability to cause others to behave as they might not otherwise choose to do.

6. Legitimacy
The quality of being accepted as an authority, often applied to laws of those in power
How do people get authority?
Do you have to give them authority? If so how? If not do they have authority?
Abuse of Power: Thomas Paine said “Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.” Do you agree? Why or Why not?

7. Public Goods
A product or service that is available for all people to consume, whether of they pay or not.
What are public goods?

8. Divine Rights of Kings Who gave the Kings their rights?
How did they keep them?
How did they pass them on?
Monarchs represented God on Earth, and because their rights to rule is God-given, they did not have to answer to the people.

9. Machiavellian
the employment of cunning and duplicity in statecraft or in general conduct", deriving from the Italian Renaissance diplomat and writer Niccolò Machiavelli, who wrote Il Principe (The Prince) and other works. The word has a similar use in modern psychology where it describes one of the dark triad personalities, characterised by a duplicitous interpersonal style associated with cynical beliefs and pragmatic morality

10. Public Policy
The process and method of making decisions for groups. Although generally applied to government, politics is also observed in all human interactions.
Foreign policy: How one nation deals with other nations
Domestic policy: How government deals with the people within the nation

11. Nation State
An independent state, especially one in which the people share a common culture. People have a sense of belonging to one country even with different ethnic backgrounds
All share:
Territorial integrity
Stable Population
Code of laws
Nation Sovereignty

12. What is sovereignty?
The right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region, a group of people of oneself.
Name something or someone that is Sovereign.

13. Civil Disobedience
is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power
When and how should civil disobedience be used?

14. Politics
When people work to influence the decisions made by groups.

16. Institutions
Organizations or sets of rules that shape the behavior of groups. They have social purpose and permanence in human affairs.
Name 3 institutions

17. Chapter 2
Comparing Forms of Government pages 19 – 37
READ!!!!!

18. Government Forms
Anarchy : absence of government ; a state of lawlessness or political disorder due to the absence of governmental authority ;a utopian society of individuals who enjoy complete freedom without government

19. Democracy
Direct Democracy: public decisions are made directly by the citizens meeting together in an assembly or voting by ballot
Indirect democracy ( aka representative democracy or republic): public decisions are made by leaders who are elected by the citizens to represent their interests

20. Democracy continues
Parliamentary democracy: voters elect lawmakers to represent them to a nation’s parliament (a democratic government's legislature) led by a prime minister.
Presidential democracy: Voters in these countries choose a president to lead the government as the head of the executive branch

21. Monarchy
Absolute Monarchy: headed by hereditary (passed usually from father to son) rulers who claimed unlimited powers
Constitutional Monarchy: system of government in which the powers of the monarch are limited by a constitution, either written or unwritten

22. Thocracy
A government headed by a religious leader

23. Oligarchy
form of power structure in which power effectively rests with a small number of people

24. totalarism
An extreme form of an authoritarian regime that seeks control almost every aspects of it’s citizens lives
Communism
Fascism
Nazism

25. Autocracy (dictatorship)
government in which one person has uncontrolled or unlimited authority over others; the government or power of an absolute monarch

26. Plutocracy the rule or power of wealth or of the wealthy.
a government or state in which the wealthy class rules.
a class or group ruling, or exercising power or influence, by virtue of its wealth.

27. Government Systems
Unitary system: the constitution concentrates power in the national, or central government
Confederal system: power resides in the regions which are independent states. The regions grant only as much power to the national government as needed to maintain security and to coordinate activities among regions.

28. Government Systems continue
Federal system: the constitution divides power between the national government and the regional government

29. Economy
consists of the economic systems of a country or other area; the labor, capital and land resources; and the manufacturing, production, trade distribution, and consumption of goods and services of that area.

30. 3 fundamental questions of Economy:
What goods and services should be produced?
How should these goods and services be produced?
How should the people share goods and services
How does the United States answer these questions?

31. Factors of Production Land (Natural resources) Labor (human resources)
Capital
Entrepreneurs

32. Economic Systems
Traditional Economy: provide for themselves, usually subsistence level, general doing whatever their father and grandfathers did
Capitalism (market economy): based on private ownership of the means of production and the creation of goods or services for profit

33. Economic Systems continue
Laissez-faire : a doctrine opposing governmental interference in economic affairs beyond the minimum necessary for the maintenance of peace and property rights
a philosophy or practice characterized by a usually deliberate abstention from direction or interference especially with individual freedom of choice and action
Hands off

34. Economic Systems continue
Socialism: any of various economic and political theories advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods ; a system of society or group living in which there is no private property; a system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state; redistribution of wealth

35. Economic Systems continue
Communism(command economy): the government answers the three basic economic questions.
Mixed economy: falls somewhere between, blends reliance of market forces with government involvement in the market place.
Which form does the United States have?