1. By Emily McCutchan
The Trail of Tears

2. GREEN MEANS IMPORTANT FACT
There are more than five of these

3. Indian Removal Act- 1830
The Indian Removal Act stated that the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee- Creek, and Seminole Indians had to move West of the Mississippi River.
The Washington and Jefferson administrations had left these five tribes East because they had adopted civilized behavior
President Jackson had believed that the time for them to be there had passed, and that they had to be removed, forcibly.
The forced removal of these five tribes is called the Trail of Tears.

4. Choctaw-1831 The Choctaw moved peacefully
Treaties, starting in 1801, reduced the Choctaw Nation to 11 million acres
In 1831, the Choctaw signed the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, which gave the US government their land, under the provision that some of their people could stay
About 25% died on the journey

5. Seminole-1833 The Seminole had an armed resistance against movement
The Seminole disregarded the Treaty of Payne’s Landing, which caused the Second Seminole War.
Over a period of about 20 years, the war was won by the Seminole, and they were allowed to keep their land as a reservation.
The Seminole still are in Florida today, won through arms.

6. Muscogee-Creek
The Muscogee-Creek Indians were forced out by unnecessary military action
The Treaty of Indian Springs took the Creek out of their territory
This treaty was later nullified, but Georgia acted as if it was not
President Adams called out the Army after Georgia, but didn’t fight due to fear of a civil war
The Creek went to the territory
Alabama later signed a treaty to force the Creek from their territory, and the natives looked for help from the national government, which was denied by President Jackson
The Creeks ended up with individual lots of land which they could sell
The Secretary of War pushed the natives out with the military due to frequent arguments with the Alabama citizens

7. Chickasaw- 1836 The Chickasaw sold their territory
They took the money that they had received and bought land off of the Choctaw
They followed the routes established by the Creek and Choctaw

8. Cherokee
There was gold found on Cherokee land, and people started invading in 1829, and Georgia tried to impose state laws on them
The Cherokee went to the Supreme court over this, which the Court promptly squashed with the fact that they were a dependent nation
A missionary was later able to convince the court that only the national government had any kind of jurisdiction over the Cherokee
President Jackson had militias gathered up with his powers from the Indian Removal Act, and they forced a march on the Cherokee people to the Indian Territory

9. Six Facts
The Trail of Tears was the forced removal of the Choctaw, Seminole, Muscogee-Creek, Chickasaw, and Cherokee Indians
The Choctaw moved peacefully
The Seminole won their territory through armed resistance
The Muscogee-Creek Indians were forced out through military force
The Chickasaw sold their territory
President Jackson forced a march on the Cherokee using his powers from the Indian Removal Act

10. The END