1. The Nature of the Teaching Profession
Chapter 6

2. Devices
Channel Setting Instructions for ResponseCard RF 1. Press and release the "GO" button. 2. While the light is flashing red and green, enter the 2 digit channel code (ie. channel 1 = 01, channel 21 = 21). Channel is After the second digit is entered, Press and release the "GO" button. 4. Press and release the "1/A" button. The light should flash yellow to confirm.

3. Effective Teachers are…
Made
Born

4. Beyond knowledge of self…knowledge of why you are teaching:
A well developed educational philosophy
Unpacking your deeply held assumptions about: what is education, the nature of the learner, what subjects are most important, the role of schools in society

5. Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Knowledge of the organization and presentation of subject matter in a way that makes it understandable to and applicable by others
Teachers are able to “psychologize” the subject matter for students. (Dewey)
Scaffolding from the known to the unknown (Vygotsky)

6. Knowledge about how Students Learn and Grow
Educational psychology studies how students develop physically, socially, and cognitively
Our conceptions of ourselves and of others develop in a unique way as we interact with our world…who we think we are, who we think others are, and what we think is the purpose of being here

7. Good Teachers Through History
Greece:
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
The Sophists

8. Good Teachers Through History
Rome
Quintillian
Europe
Erasmus
Comenius
Montessori

9. United States: A Diverse Universe of Examples
Elizabeth Palmer Peabody
Mary McCleod Bethune
Leonard Covello
Louise Hikel Butterfield
Jonathan Kozol
P’ikea Miyamoto
Donna Graham Harris
Parker Palmer

10. Teaching Terminology
Methodology
Discipline
Pedagogy

11. Knowledge of Curricular Content
No Child Left Behind Act defines a “highly qualified teacher” as: holds at least a bachelor’s degree, full state licensure, subject area competence, has passed rigorous state tests in the subject(s) s/he is teaching

12. The Knowledge Base of Effective Teachers
Culturally responsive teachers: 1. believe all students can achieve and succeed, 2. build a community of learners, 3. build connections to families and the community, 4.are continual learners, 5. vary instructional methods, 6.know their students, 7. are introspective and reflective

13. Good teachers have
Pedagogical skill to implement teaching strategies…and pedagogical content knowledge
Reflective skills to analyze and act of teacher-generated data
Communication and collaboration skills to build relationships
Management skills to arrange successful learning environments
Technological skills

14. The attitudes and Dispositions of Effective Teachers
Star teachers tend to be nonjudgmental, are not moralistic, not easily shocked, truly listen, recognize their own weaknesses, don’t see themselves as “saviors”, network, see themselves as “winning”, enjoy their interactions with kids, see their primary impact as raising kids self esteem and helping them be more humane, derive satisfaction of lots of needs teaching kids…but not power needs

15. Teaching as a Profession
Theoretical Framework
Methodology supported by research
Lifelong learners
Social Institutions
Certification and Accreditation

16. It is most important that a teacher has high levels of
Knowledge that s/he is teaching the students
Skills in teaching the subject to the students
Positive dispositions, values, attitudes

17. Effective Teachers Employ These Tools
Structure and Clarity
Motivation
High Expectations
Questioning

18. Styles of Teaching on Ends of a Spectrum
Authoritarian – characterized by:
Teacher-Centered
Traditional Structures
Rules-Based
Transmission of Knowledge
Centrality of Teacher Knowledge

19. Styles of Teaching on Ends of a Spectrum
Constructivist, characterized by:
Student-Centered
Democratic, egalitarian ideals
Student experience of learning
Teacher as Learner who Models

20. Styles of Teaching and Management
Constructivism…Alfie Kohn
We punish and reward too much. Student learning should be motivation in its own right.
Behaviorism…Assertive Discipline….Lee and Marlene Canter. Use of rewards and punishments.

21. My most effective teachers were….
Authoritarian
Constructivist
Somewhere in the middle

22. Academic Learning Time
This concept is dynamically intertwined with styles of teaching. It has to do with curriculum (more on that later), but also how a teacher thinks about using time available.
Allocated Time
Engaged Time
Academic Learning Time

23. Classroom Management A direct function of teaching style
Group alerting
“withitness”
Overlapping
Least intervention
fragmentation

24. The Pedagogical Cycle
What is the set of actions, responses, communications that define activity in the classroom?
1. Structure
2. Question
3. Response
4. React

25. Academic Structure as a Goal:
Objectives
Review
Motivation
Transition
Clarification
Scaffolding
Examples
Directions
Enthusiasm
Closure

26. Questions and Effective Teaching
Learning to Question well is part art, and part skill:
Lower order questions – factual, naming, etc.
Higher-order questions – evaluate, analyze, compare, solve a problem….

27. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

28. NBTS Description of Effective Teachers
Committed to students and their learning
Know their subject matter and subject matter pedagogy
Responsible for managing and monitoring student learning
Teachers think systematically about their practice and learn from experience
Teachers are members of learning communities

29. Stages of Teacher Development
1. Survival
2. Consolidation
3. Renewal
4. Maturity

30. Knowledge about the Community
Connecting students to the outside world requires that teachers know their students’ community
Eating in the community, living in the community, reading local community papers, talking with community members, going to meetings of the community

31. At present, my most developed teaching tools are:
Content knowledge
Pedagogical skills
Reflective skills
Communication skills
Management skills
Positive attitude and dispositions

32. Reflective teachers Open-minded Wholehearted Responsible
An ethic of caring relationships
Learning communities

33. It’s most important for me to build
Pedagogical skill
An ethic of caring
An educational philosophy
Reflective practice
Pedagogical content knowledge