1. Pronouns
Pronouns refer to nouns or noun phrases. We use them to avoid repetition.
The machine is broken. It isn’t working properly.
Jane is a clever student. She is a hard-working person.
Person
Singular
Plural
First I We
Second
You
Third
He, She, It
They

2. Types of Pronouns
Basically, pronouns can classified based on their types and grammatical functions.
A-Types:
1- Personal pronouns: I, we, you, he, she, it
2-Demonstrative pronouns These, those, this, that
3-Interrogative pronouns who, which, whose
4- Indefinite pronouns none, several, every, nobody
5-possessive pronouns his, her, its, my, your
6-Reciprocal pronouns each other, one another
7-Relative pronouns which, where, when

3. Types of Pronouns 8- Reflexive pronouns: itself, himself, herself
9-Intensive pronouns: itself, himself
Cf. I told myself not to rush on the roads.
I myself did all the work.

4. Subject pronouns
When pronouns have the role of a subject, they function as subject pronouns.
I woke up at about 6 am.
We lived in the room above the shop.
You may use a paper dictionary in the class.
He/ she is a member of the team.
They offered her a job.

5. Object pronouns There are two types of objects:
A- Direct objects B- Indirect objects
Direct object: The direct object of a sentence is the person or thing that the action of a verb is done to. It often comes directly after the verb.
e.g.
I heard you. -I called him/her.
We bought it. -They saw us.
Let’s ask them He told me.

6. -They threw it a biscuit.
Indirect object
The indirect object is an object that if you remove it from the sentence, it still makes sense. The function of an indirect object is for more clarification.
e.g.
-Bring me a towel. -I gave you the book.
-He bought her a car. -She bought him a watch.
-Give them a chance. -They sang us a song.
-They threw it a biscuit.

7. Practice Make sentences using pronouns: × √
-He isn’t a doctor. -He is a good cook. -He’s not a good singer.
-She is a doctor. -She is not a good cook. -she is a good singer.
-You are not a doctor. -You aren’t a good cook. -You’re not a good singer.
A doctor
a good cook
a good singer
Adam × √
Ann
Me (the teacher)

8. Practice Make sentences using pronouns: √ ×
He is cooking a meal for them. -He isn’t writing an for them.
She isn’t cooking for them. -She writing to them.
You aren’t cooking for them. -You aren’t writing to them.
Cooking a meal for Ann’s parents
Writing an to Ann’s grandfather
Adam √ ×
Ann
Me (the teacher)