1. Multi modal child-to-child interaction Paper presentation by Tine Basse Fisker The Danish University of Education

2. Mik Carl Kim

3. Mental space in child language.  60 hours of video recordings in  Danish day care centres  Multi modal analysis  All-autistic interaction = interaction between two or more children with autism

4. Data  Video taped interaction between three boys with autism  Age: 5-6  Location: day care centre for children with autism (Denmark)  Activity: playing with LEGO ® bricks at a table  Others present: researcher with camera and care taker

5. Mik Carl Kim

6. Call-response songs  Two or more singers  Question – answer sequences  Who let the dogs out? (hoo like dooz ej)  Otto er et næsehorn (Otto is a rhino)

8. Mik Carl Kim

9. Question  Could interaction be running along different lines than the ones where we normally grasp interaction and meaning?

10. Communicative levels  Pragmatic (”real” interaction)  Semantic  Grammatical  Phonetical

11. Communicative modes  Non-verbal language Body position Body movement Proxemics Head movement Gesture Facial expression Gaze  Verbal language Words Tone of voice Pauses Turn-taking Rhythm / singing Contextual appropriateness / sense of relevance

13. Carl’s song:  A call-and-response song: A. Otto er et næsehorn B. Ja, ja, ja A. Otto er en flæskesteg B. Nej, nej, nej A. Otto er en ….. B. Nej, nej, nej  English version of the song: A. Otto is a rhino B. Yes, yes, yes A. Otto is a beef steak B. No, no, no A. Otto is a …… B. No, no, no ”Otto is a rhino” is the only line which should elicit a Yes-response, everything else the singer may invent should elicit No.

14. Mik, Carl and Kim –verbal mode 2.08C: (singing) [and Otto] is a rhino, yes yes yes Otto is a rhino yes yes 2.16K: we’re not rhinos (.) [YOU a rhino] 2.20M: (singing) [ Carl] is an arsehole 2.22CT: OOPS Mik 2.24C: (singing) no yes yes yes and

15. Increased modal density 1 Mik Carl Kim  Proxemics  Gesture  Gaze  Words  Pause  Tone of voice  Song/rythm

16. Participant configuration, teasing/singing Carl Mik Kim Mik: (singing) [Carl] er et numsehull (Carl is an arsehole.)

17. Increased modal density 2 Mik Carl Kim  Gaze  Facial expression  Head movement

18. Increased modal density 3 Mik Carl Kim  Facial expression  Gaze  Song / rhythm  Posture

19. Participant configuration, responding Carl Mik Kim Carl responding to song Kim responding to words

20. Conclusion  Mik interacts with two other participants simultaneously  Both of them respond to one part of his communicative act, decoding intention  These children are co-constructing interaction!  Further perspectives for understanding complex interaction?