1. History of Epping Forest

2. Location of Epping Forest 9 km from central London 4 km wide by 19km long 3, 195.8 Hectares large = 7,897 Acres = 31.96 km 2

3. What are the Habitats in Epping Forest? A Forest is defined as an area belonging to the crown Woodland (Ancient and Secondary) Lowland Heathland Freshwater (Ponds, Springs and Streams) Grassland

4. What was the Forest used for pre 1800? Wood Collection- Lopping by commoners This system is called Woodland Pasture Royal Hunting Forest (deer) Rough grazing by commoners cattle and horses

5. Historical uses of the Forest Charcoal Production Recreation –Visits by local people –Royal hunting ground

6. Managing wood collection There were 2 ways of logging for wood Coppicing Pollarding Pollarding was mostly used in the forest as new shoots would be out of reach from grazing deer and cattle Cut at 2m from the ground Cut at 0.75m from the ground

7. What happened in the 1800’s? Industrial revolution Rapid expansion of London Areas of Epping forest enclosed for private use

8. Then what happened? In 1878 Queen Victoria passed the Epping Forest Act. City of London managed Epping Forest by: 1.Maintaining open space for recreation 2.Maintaining ‘natural aspect’ of forest

9. Key Questions for visit 1.What attracts people to Epping Forest ? 2.What activities do people do in Epping Forest ? 3.What Impacts do people have on Epping Forest ? 4.What are the strategies to manage these impacts?