1. CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 20 “…a city upon a hill…” Calvinism in the New World

2. “…a city upon a hill…” Calvinism in the New World ANGLICANS PILGRIMS PURITANS CHURCH CIVIL “But though these things did trouble them they did not dismay them, for since their desires were set on the ways of God and the enjoyment of his ordinances, they therefore rested on His providences and knew whom they had believed” John Brown Pilgrim Fathers It was a vigorous effort to bring God’s discipline to this world, its people, and, preeminently, to God’s Church” Ahlstrom, p. 128 Came as a Trading Company and became a Commonwealth The were no Theocracy!

3. GIFTS OF NEW ENGLAND PURITANS I. New England Town II. Education Milk for Babes Drawn Out of The Breasts of Both Testaments John Harvard d. 1636 Group covenanted together; elected proprietor; went west seeking land Laid out agricultural villageMeeting House Elementary School Grammar School

4. III. Family Viewed each family as a commonwealth; proper head and subjects Major Challenges to Puritan New England I. Nature and Grace The relationship of works to grace Thomas Hooker ‘man must prepare his heart for God’s work John Cotton: emphasis on unconditional election; and a powerful ‘inner experience of regeneration’ The Antinomian Controversy Anne Hutchinson

5. II. Problems of Separatism Roger Williams 1603?-1683 How pure do you need to be? Colony refused to become separate Questioned magistrates power to enforce law Questioned validity of charter-land belonged to Indians Opposed giving oaths to unregenerate 1635 Elected minister in Salem1636 Williams’ expulsion to Rhode Island Since Anne Hutchinson...and many other extremists took refuge in Rhode Island, orthodox Puritans began to regard that colony as a veritable ‘sewer of New England.” Ahlstrom, p 157

6. III. Connectionalism 1646-1648Cambridge Synod Maintained balance between congregation voice and rule by elders Provided for gathering of synods made up of representative churches Admit into membership only those who maintained a credible profession of faith Baptism of the infants of church members Unbiblical linkage of church and state IV. Half way covenant Unregenerate members in the church were allowed to transmit church membership and baptism to their children or seed, but they were not allowed to partake the Lord’s Table because they were unregenerate Results: allowed in ‘nice goats’

7. Witchcraft Trials in Salem-1692 “This episode as a whole, despite its notoriety, does little to elucidate the Puritan mind of the age”Ahlstrom 1682 Lost charter 1691 New charter with significant changes Governor appointed by England Franchise based not on church membership but on land ownership 1. Widespread belief in existence of witchcraft throughout Europe & colonies 2. Actions initiated by the magistrates (only Salem clergy favored capital punishment) “there was much more concern for the soul of both the afflicted and the community than for the body of anyone during this time”

8. Dutch Reformed and Presbyterians Dutch 1628 New Amsterdam Remained under the ‘klasses’ of Amsterdam until 1692 1692 first church under the act of religious toleration was Dutch

9. Francis Makemie 1658-1708 The Presbyterians Presbyterians ‘by conviction’ were in all the colonies 1640 Southampton on Long Island Scotch-Irish in the middle colonies 1706 first presbytery organized 1717 Synod of Philadelphia “Religion brought forth prosperity, and the daughter destroyed the mother” “There is danger lest the enchantments of this world make them to forget their errand into the wilderness” Loving the world “with weaned affections”