1. Greek City-States

2. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
Polis- Greek word for city-state
Politics: derived from Polis
Town, city, or village, w/ its surrounding countryside
Gathering place was in center in a hill
Acropolis-fortified place (attack), religious center
Agora- place below the acropolis where people could gather (market)

4. City-States Varied in size Community; all shared common goals
Men (political rights)
Women and Children (no political rights)
Slaves and Resident Aliens (non-citizens)
Aristotle: citizen does not belong to himself
Loyalty to city-state very important

5. Developing Military System
Aristocracy was head of military
700 B.C.- hoplites heavily armed infantry soldiers (foot soldiers)
Carried a round shield, short sword, thrusting spear (9ft. Long)
Phalanx- shoulder to shoulder rectangular formation
Created wall of shields

7. Tyranny People who seized power by force (rich and poor)
Tired of aristocrats
This was not a sign of honor in Greek system
Did not last long
Inspired Democracy: Gov’t. by the people
Most remained oligarchies
Oligarchy-rule by the few

9. Sparta Athens
Did Spartans conquer outside colonies or neighboring states?
What did spartans do to people from the land they conquered?
What does the word “Spartan” mean?
When did men have to enroll in the army
Could they marry?
Soldiers typical diet:
What was a women’s role in the home?
Explain the story of the mother that sent her son to the army
Direct democracy
Did poor citizens participate in government? Explain.
Explain how Athenians practiced Ostracism
Tell me how Pericles made Athens “The School of Greece”
Ho many slaves were there?
What kinds of jobs did slaves have?
The primary function of the family:
The woman’s role:
Control over women:
Girls education:
Boys education:

10. Sparta Athens Direct democracy
Conquistaron tierras vecinas o tierras lejanas?
Que le hacían a la gente de las tierras que conquistaban?
Que quiere decir la palabra “Spartan”?
A que edad tenían que inscribirse en el ejercito los hombres?
Se podían casar los hombres en el ejercito?
Típica dieta de un soldado:
Cual era el rol de la mujer en casa?
Explica la historia de la mujer que mando a su hijo al ejercito:
Direct democracy
Did poor citizens participate in government?
Explica como practicaban el ostracismo?
Dime como Pericles hizo a Atenas “La Escuela de Grecia”
Cuantos esclavos habían, y que trabajos realizaban?
La función primaria de la familia:
Rol de la mujer:
Control de la mujer:
Educación de los niños;
Educación de las niñas:

11. Sparta Needed more land Didn’t colonize abroad
Instead took land from neighbors
Conquered neighbors became serfs (helots, Greek: for captured)
Created military-state to maintain power

12. Spartan Military State
Spartan: highly disciplined
Boys checked at birth; those judged unfit were left on mountainside to die
Boys childhood: learning military tactics
Enrolled in army at 20
At 30 they could live at home
Were in army until 60
Ate black broth: piece of pork boiled in blood, salt, and vinegar

14. Government of Sparta Oligarchy 2 kings- led army
Ephors- 5 men responsible for education, & all citizens
Council of Elders: 28 citizens over the age of 60 decided on issues presented to group of citizens
Group of citizens- vote (not debate) on issues

15. Attitude to Outsiders Not welcoming Didn’t accept new ideas
Didn’t allow citizens to travel, read philosophy, literature, or the arts
This could bring new ideas and destroy Sparta
Military was art to Spartans

16. Athens 700B.C.- unified polis Created democracy
Age of Pericles- 461 B.C.; height of success
Even poor citizens could be public officials
Ostracism- kicked out people that were overly ambitious
Center of Greek culture

17. Athenian Economy Farming and trade Grains, vegetables, fruit
Grapes and olive trees (wine and oil)
Sheep and goats (wool and milk)

20. Athenian Family Life Father, wife, and kids also slaves
Produce new citizens
Women: could not own property, always had a male guardian
Women married at 14-15
Read, played instruments, no formal schooling