1. Force, Motion, and Energy
Newton’s Laws
Speed, Velocity, Acceleration
Gravity

2. Motion Motion occurs when an object changes its position.
Three Types of Motion:
Relative Motion
You v. solar system
Distance
How far something moves
Displacement
Difference between the end and the start
NOT total distance

3. Speed Distance traveled per unit of time Speed = distance time
Example…
You ran 2 km in 10 minutes.
What was your speed?

4. Velocity
Speed (a change in position over a period of time), but in a specific
direction.
Example: The cars at the Texas
Motor Speedway drove a lap.
They go 120 mph for 60 sec W,120 mph for 30 sec S,120 mph for 60 sec E, and 120 mph for 30 sec N. They had a direction which means they also had velocity.

5. Acceleration
Acceleration occurs when an object changes its speed, direction, or both.
Acceleration = change in velocity
change in time
When an object changes its direction or speed, it is accelerating.

6. Force A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another.
A force can also cause an object’s motion to change.
EX) Sports
Balanced forces are equal
in size and opposite in direction.

7. Inertia
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion.
Objects with more mass have
more inertia.

8. Newton’s First Law
An object in motion tends to stay in motion and an object at rest tends to stay at rest until acted on by an outside force.

9. Force, Mass, Acceleration
For any object, the greater the force, the greater the acceleration.
The acceleration of any object depends on its mass AND the force
exerted on that object.
KEY CONCEPT: Force, mass,
and acceleration are connected.

10. Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
Describes how force, mass, and acceleration are connected.
REMEMBER:
Net force = total forces acting
on an object.
States that the net force acting on
an object causes the object to
accelerate in the direction of the net force.

11. Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
Acceleration of an object is determined by the size of the net force acting on the object and the mass of the object.
So, the relationship between
acceleration, net force, and
mass can be defined as:
F = ma

12. Friction If we give a skateboard a push, what happens?
But according to Newton’s 1st Law, what SHOULD happen?
REMEMBER:
When an object slows
down, its velocity changes; if its
velocity changes, it is accelerating.
If an object is accelerating, a net
force must be acting upon it.

13. Friction
The force acting on the skateboard is friction. Friction is the force that opposes motion between 2 surfaces that are touching
each other.
The amount of friction between
2 surfaces depends on 2 factors:
The kinds of surfaces.
The force pressing the surfaces together.

14. Static Friction What does “static” mean?
Applied force is equal to the friction between the two surfaces.

15. Sliding Friction
Applied force is greater than the friction between the two surfaces.

16. Rolling Friction
The friction between a rolling object and the surface it rolls on.
Rolling friction is usually much less than static or sliding friction.
That is why it is easier to pull a load in a wagon rather than dragging it along the ground.

17. Friction Foldable Term Definition/ Example Picture Friction
Static Friction
Sliding Friction
Rolling Friction

18. Newton’s Third Law
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Examples:
Trampoline
Rocket Propulsion