1. Demonstration Problem
Accounting
What the Numbers Mean 10e
Demonstration Problem
Chapter 6 – Exercise 13
Depreciation Calculation Methods

2. Problem Definition
Millco, Inc., acquired a machine that cost $400,000 early
in The machine is expected to last for eight years,
and its estimated salvage value at the end of its life is
$60,000.

3. Problem Definition
Using straight-line depreciation, calculate the depreciation expense to be recognized in the first year of the machine’s life and calculate the accumulated depreciation after the fifth year of the machine’s life.
Using declining balance depreciation at twice the straight-line rate, calculate the depreciation expense for the third year of the machine’s life.
What will be the net book value of the machine at the end of its eighth year of use before it is disposed of, under each depreciation method?

4. Problem Solution
a. Amount to be depreciated =

5. Problem Solution
a. Amount to be depreciated =
Cost – Salvage Value

6. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =

7. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated /
Useful Life

8. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life

9. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life
($400,000 - $60,000) / 8 =

10. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life
($400,000 - $60,000) / 8 =
$42,500 per year

11. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life
($400,000 - $60,000) / 8 = $42,500 per year
After 5 years, accumulated depreciation =

12. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life
($400,000 - $60,000) / 8 = $42,500 per year
After 5 years, accumulated depreciation =
$42,500 * 5 years =

13. Problem Solution a. Amount to be depreciated = Cost – Salvage Value
Annual depreciation expense =
Amount to be depreciated / Useful Life
($400,000 - $60,000) / 8 = $42,500 per year
After 5 years, accumulated depreciation =
$42,500 * 5 years = $212,500

14. Problem Definition
Using straight-line depreciation, calculate the depreciation expense to be recognized in the first year of the machine’s life and calculate the accumulated depreciation after the fifth year of the machine’s life.
Using declining balance depreciation at twice the straight-line rate, calculate the depreciation expense for the third year of the machine’s life.
What will be the net book value of the machine at the end of its eighth year of use before it is disposed of, under each depreciation method?

15. Problem Solution
b. Straight-line rate =

16. Problem Solution
b. Straight-line rate = 1/8

17. Problem Solution
b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.

18. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate =

19. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2

20. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%

21. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
Solution approach: Set up columns to gather the data needed to calculate the depreciation expense, accumulated depreciation, and net book value at the beginning and end of each year.

22. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400,000
The Net Book Value at the Beginning of Year One is equal to the purchase price of the asset.

23. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100,000
Depreciation expense = Net Book Value at Beginning of Year * Double-declining rate.

24. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100,000
Accumulated depreciation = The sum of the depreciation expense of all prior years.

25. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
Net Book Value at the End of Year = Cost of the Asset (or $400,000) – Accumulated Depreciation

26. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
,000
Net Book Value at Beginning of Year Two = Net Book Value at End of Year One

27. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
, ,000 * 25% = 75,000
Depreciation Expense = Net Book Value at Beginning of Year * Double-declining date

28. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
, ,000 * 25% = , ,000
Accumulated depreciation = The sum of the depreciation expense of all prior years = $100,000 + $75,000 = $175,000

29. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
, ,000 * 25% = , , ,000
Net Book Value at the End of Year = Cost of the Asset (or $400,000) – Accumulated Depreciation

30. Problem Solution b. Straight-line rate = 1/8 = 12.5%.
Double-declining rate = 12.5% * 2 = 25%
At End of Year
Net Book Value Depreciation Accumulated Net Book
Year at Beginning of Year Expense Depreciation Value
$400, $400,000 * 25% = $100, $100, $300,000
, ,000 * 25% = , , ,000
, ,000 * 25% = 56, , ,750
Depreciation expense for the third year of the asset’s life = $56,250.

31. Problem Definition
Using straight-line depreciation, calculate the depreciation expense to be recognized in the first year of the machine’s life and calculate the accumulated depreciation after the fifth year of the machine’s life.
Using declining balance depreciation at twice the straight-line rate, calculate the depreciation expense for the third year of the machine’s life.
What will be the net book value of the machine at the end of its eighth year of use before it is disposed of, under each depreciation method?

32. Problem Solution
c. Net book value =

33. Problem Solution
c. Net book value =
Cost – Accumulated depreciation

34. Problem Solution c. Net book value = Cost – Accumulated depreciation
After 8 years, the asset will have been fully depreciated to its estimated salvage value of $60,000 under each method.

35. Problem Solution c. Net book value = Cost – Accumulated depreciation
After 8 years, the asset will have been fully depreciated to its estimated salvage value of $60,000 under each method.
Accumulated depreciation will be $340,000, and net book value will be $60,000.
$400,000 - $340,000 = $60,000

36. Accounting What the Numbers Mean 10e David H. Marshall
You should now have a better understanding of depreciation calculation methods.
Remember that there is a demonstration problem for each chapter that is here for your learning benefit.
David H. Marshall
Wayne W. McManus
Daniel F. Viele