1. Clarissa Lyons (Smith College 2013) Kate Bussell (Transylvania University 2012)

2. Slide courtesy of Matt Green

4.  Two different methods are being employed in the MELNHE plots: the Granier method and the heat ratio method (HRM)  Heat-based sapflow techniques are the most widely used methods for sapflow measurement

5.  An improvement of the compensation heat pulse method by Burgess et al. (2001)  Method being used by researchers at UNH, led by Heidi Asbjornsen  Measures the ratio of the increase in temperature at points equidistant from the line heater following the release of a heat pulse

7. Below: Thermocouple placement within sensor Sapflow tree in Bartlett Experimental Forest (C8)

8.  Developed by André Granier in 1985  Method used by Dr. Michele Pruyn and team from PSU  Constant heat source  Sapflow calculated from difference in temperature between two thermocouples

12.  Dr. Michele Pruyn, Assistant Professor of Plant Biology, Plymouth State University  Adan Hernandez, Graduate Student, University of New Hampshire  Dr. Heidi Asbjornsen, Associate Professor of Ecosystem Ecology, University of New Hampshire  Dr. Ruth Yanai, Professor of Forest and Natural Resources Management, SUNY ESF  Craig See, Master’s Student, SUNY ESF  Mark Green, Assistant Professor of Hydrology, Plymouth State University

13.  Burgess, S.O. et al. (2001). An improved heat pulse method to measure low and reverse rates of sap flow in woody plants. Tree Physiology, 21, 589-598.  Granier, A. et al. (1996). Transpiration of trees and forest stands: short and long-term monitoring using sapflow methods. Global Change Biology, 2, 265-274.  Granier, A. et al. (1987). Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements. Tree Physiology, 3, 309-320.  Kostner, B. et al. (1998). Sapflow measurements in forest stands: methods & uncertainties. Annals of Forest Science, 55, 13-27.