1. Examining Student Work

2. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 2 Examining Student Work Explore looking at student work as a strategy for teacher learning. Engage in examining student work. Discuss implications for teacher learning. Learn about protocols and facilitation.

3. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 3 Why look at student work? Reflect on evidence of student learning. Reflect on intent of task. Reflect with colleagues. Reflect on evidence of effective teaching. Increase teachers’ knowledge.

4. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 4 Purposes for Looking at Student Work Determine the nature and extent of student understanding. Judge the quality of a task. Determine the implications for instructional practice. Clarify learning expectations.

5. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 5 Looking at Student Work: Format Identify the purpose, focus, or goal for looking at student work. Select student work that relates directly to the goal and outcomes. Engage in facilitated discussion of participants’ interpretations and understanding of the student work samples. Reflect on the implications and applications of what is learned to teaching.

6. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 6 An Example: Context Who: High school Algebra I teachers What: Examined their students’ proficiency data aggregated three-year trends disaggregated by race, sub-skill areas, and item-level analysis Conclusions: 35% of students at or above proficiency achievement gap between white and African American 17% of students proficient in TAKS Objective I: The student will describe functional relationships in a variety of ways. greatest need in representing relationships among quantities using [concrete] models, tables, graphs, diagrams, verbal descriptions, equations, and inequalities.

7. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 7 Next steps: Identify robust performance task that required students to show and explain their work. The Algebra I teachers administered the task to their students and brought samples of student work to the next meeting. Purpose: To determine the nature and extent of student understanding of using multiple representations to solve problems and making connections among the representations.

8. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 8 Ground Rules for Looking at Student Work Be in the spirit of dialogue. Focus on the evidence, not what you think the student knows or can do. Put your stake in the ground AND be ready to move it. Be aware of personal biases.

9. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 9 Looking at Student Work: Process Complete the task yourself. Determine the knowledge and skills required to complete the task successfully. What was this task designed to assess? Share and discuss your own solutions. Review the TEKS and the criteria. Does the task align with the TEKS and the selected criteria?

10. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 10 Mosaics problem from Algebra I Assessments (Dana Center, 2002)

11. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 11

12. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 12 Criteria Selected for Mosaics Problem Describes functional relationships Uses multiple representations (such as tables, graphs, symbols, verbal descriptions, and/or concrete models) and makes connections among them.

13. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 13 Group Share What are your solutions to the task? What knowledge and skills do you need to complete the task? Does the task assess what it is designed to assess (based on the two criteria selected)?

14. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 14 Looking at Student Work: Observation and Collaboration Look at student work samples with a partner and discuss: What skills, knowledge, and understandings do the students demonstrate? What is the evidence?

15. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 15 Table Talk What are the patterns or trends across the samples? What are the misunderstandings and understandings? What implications for instruction and curriculum do these misunderstandings suggest?

16. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 16 Sample A student work from the Mosaics problem (Taken from Practice-Based Professional Development: Algebra I Assessments TEXTEAMS)

17. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 17 Sample B student work from the Mosaics problem (Taken from Practice-Based Professional Development: Algebra I Assessments TEXTEAMS)

18. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 18 Group Share What teacher learning could result from this example of looking at student work?

19. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 19 Facilitation Protocol Identify the purpose. Provide information on the context of the task. Participants “do” the task for their own understanding. Share and discuss the task solutions. Look at the student work in small groups. What skills, knowledge, and understandings do the students demonstrate? What is the evidence? Share and discuss in large group. Summarize learnings and questions.

20. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 20 Facilitation Tips Take the time to do and discuss the task. Stay focused on the evidence. Separate observations from inferences. Ensure time to discuss classroom implications. Summarize learnings and questions.

21. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 21 Guidelines: Samples of Student Work Several samples from different students Samples from one student over time Randomly selected Representative of low-medium-high quality work Representative of specific student misconception The work represents a confusion or question for the teacher

22. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 22 Selecting Samples of Student Work Problem: Teachers are often most comfortable sharing their best student work. Solution: Provide guidelines. 2 samples that show that the student “gets it” 2 samples that show that the student does not “get it” 2 confusing samples 2 interesting or unusual samples

23. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 23 When to Examine Student Work At weekly department meetings During grade-level meetings During ongoing study groups In K-12 cross-grade group meetings When selecting or implementing new curriculum As part of a larger professional development effort

24. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 24 Information and Resources “The Tuning Protocol: A Process for Reflection on Teacher and Student Work,” Coalition of Essential Schools www.essentialschools.orgwww.essentialschools.org/cs/resources/view/ces_res/54 “Looking at Student Work” website http://www.lasw.org Algebra I Assessments and TEXTEAMS Practice-based Professional Development: Algebra I Assessments (Dana Center) http://www.utdanacenter.org Algebra II Assessments and TEXTEAMS Practice-based Professional Development: Algebra II Assessments (Dana Center) http://www.utdanacenter.org

25. Ensuring Teacher Quality Leader's Resource Guide: Examining Student Work 25 Reflection What teacher learning might result from this strategy for professional development? How and when might you engage teachers in examining student work? What structures or supports would need to be in place for this strategy to work in your context?