1. Automated Evaluation of Runtime Object States Against Model-Level States for State-Based Test Execution Frank(Weifeng) Xu, Gannon University Dianxiang Xu, North Dakota State University

2. Overview  Introduction  Objectives  State evaluation infrastructure  Case study  Experiments/Demo  Conclusions

3. Introduction  State- based testing process  Evaluation of runtime object states against the model- level states defined in a state model is critical to state- based test automation.  Manually keep track of the state of the running objects is difficult  Mapping from runtime object states to abstract states is time consuming

4. Objectives  This paper presents a state evaluation framework to support the automated state-based test execution process.  keeping track of the state of running objects  mapping the states to abstract states  firing a warning message if the abstract state does not match model level states

5. Challenges  How does the evaluation framework monitor and collect the states of running objects?  How does the monitor device interact with yet not depend on a particular IUT?  How can we automatically map the runtime object states to abstract states in a state model?  How can the test driver get informed if the actual state and the expected state do not match?

6. Approach  We take advantage of the pointcut mechanism in aspect- oriented programming and implement the framework in AspectJ.  We demonstrate the framework by a case study  We conduct a series of empirical studies to evaluate the framework by calculating and comparing the total consumed minutes of mapping states and checking the oracle in term of manual and automated execution.  The experiment results show that the evaluation framework is much more effective and efficient than manual evaluation.

7. State evaluation infrastructure

9. Case study

10. Expected state We need run time objects

12. Figure 7. The pseudo code of a JavaBean fires events if the expected and actual states are different

13. Experiments  Two groups of students  Group 1 students manually monitor and map states  Group 2 student use the framework  5 application

16. Conclusions  We have proposed a novel approach to automatically evaluation runtime object states to against model-level states for State-Based Test Execution.  The framework is able to automatically keep track of the properties of running objects,  converting the properties to corresponding states in state models and comparing whether or not the states match the expected states.  The framework is essentially an extension of observer design pattern implemented by enterprise JavaBeans.  We take advantage of the pointcut mechanism of AspectJ to facilitate the state monitoring ability.

17. Discussion  We are assuming that all the state models we are using for testing execution are correct.  We consider state abstractions but never action abstractions (input/methods to call). This makes things easier because these would have to be concretized.