2. The Republic of Texas

3. Treaty of Velasco After San Jacinto, Santa Anna was forced to sign the Treaty of Velasco. This treaty ended the Texas Revolution and gave Texas its independence. It had two parts, one public and one secret: May 1836 – Treaties of Velasco

4. Public and Secret The public part of the treaty made Santa Anna agree to never fight against Texas again and to withdraw all troops out of Texas. The secret part of the treaty made Santa Anna promise to get Mexico to recognize Texas independence and set the southern border of Texas as the Rio Grande.

5. Republic of Texas Republic of Texas granted citizens liberties including freedom of religion

6. Results of the Election of 1836 Vice President:Congress:President: Constitution:Annexation: The Early Republic Mirabeau B. Lamar elected senators and representatives Sam Houston approved the Texas Constitution of 1836 voted to seek U.S. annexation of Texas In 1836, 5 months after the Revolution, Texans held an election 1836 – Sam Houston Elected President

7. 1 st Administration Houston focused on: – Forming a Gov’t – Focused primarily on: Debt – Other issues dealt with: army, American Indians & Mexico – Moved capital to Houston

8. Problems in the new Republic 1.Mexico wouldn’t acknowledge its independence & disputed its territory 2.Other nations wouldn’t recognize TX as independent 3.Debt (lack of money) from Texas Revolution 4.Conflicts with Texas Indians 5.Military

9. Houston Solves Problems Got U.S. to recognize the Republic of TX Money: Economic Policies; added poll tax, printed more money Military: sent entire army home, except 600 soldiers – Texas Rangers: replace army with Rangers Primary Purpose of TX Rangers – protect Texans from American Indian Tribes Indians: Called on the Texas Rangers; tried to make peace by giving them title to their land, TX Senate refused to accept this He believed the best thing for Texas would be annexation to the U.S.

10. Chief Bowles Leader of the Cherokees Signed treaty w/ Houston during the TX Revolution

11. Mexico not recognizing Texas as independent DEBT Raids by Indians Promissory notes Cut Spending Texas Rangers Reduce military (ie: Felix Huston who wanted to start war)

12. The Texas Question Most Texans wanted Texas to become part of the United States including Pres. Sam Houston. But Northerners in the U.S. did not want to see the expansion of Slavery into new U.S. territory. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 had limited the amount of future Slaves states and Texas would disrupt the balance.

13. The addition of Texas to the United States made sense to many. Texan Anson Jones went to the U.S. Congress and tried to get them to accept Texas into the Union. Texas would have been considered a slave state, and many members of the U.S. congress opposed slavery. This decision was delayed, and Houston ordered Jones to withdraw the request. – Houston didn’t want Texas to be embarrassed by having its request delayed any longer. The First Attempt to Annexation

14. 1838 – Mirabeau Lamar elected President Vice President – David G. Burnet Houston couldn’t run fro a second term as President Second Administration

15. Mirabeau Lamar “Father of Education” Didn’t agree w/Houston’s policies Focused on: – Pushing American Indians farther west – Commitment to education – A new capital (Austin) More than doubled the debt by Indian Wars & increased inflation Was against Annexation

16. A New Capital Lamar did not like Houston being the capital of Texas. Lamar wanted a more centrally located capital. He choose 100 miles north of San Antonio. He named this site Austin, in honor of Stephen F. Austin. http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/02/25/mardi.gras.melee/map.texas.austin.jpg

17. Lamar’s Problems Biggest problem was money Gov’t was spending more than it was making TX gov’t was lots on military TX dollar called “redbacks” was only work about 2 cents by 1841

18. Lamar’s Indian Policies Lamar disliked Indians & wanted them removed from Texas He ordered the Cherokees to leave Texas Chief Bowles – ordered to lead Cherokee out, refused Lamar sent soldier to force them out Bowles was killed Cherokees forced to present-day Oklahoma

19. Action LAND POLICY Result ECONOMYTEXAS INDIANS Action Result Action Result Lamar’s Presidency issued red backs worthless within three years, in part because of rising national debt passed homestead law protected Texans’ homes and up to 50 acres from seizure for debts declared war on American Indians removed Cherokee from East Texas, pushed Comanche north & west, increased debt

20. Third Administration Sam Houston’s 2 nd Term 1841 Worked to reduce debt created by Lamar’s policies Worked to renew peace with Indians Settled dispute over land titles Pushed for annexation Opposed building Navy – thought it would drain Texas’s finances

21. FourthAdministration 1844 - Anson Jones elected President Followed most of Houston’s policies Maintained peace with Native Americans Tried to limit spending Pushed for Annexation 1845 – Texas is Annexed into the U.S.

22. Presidents of the Republic of Texas Sam Houston (1836 - 1838) 1st President of the Republic of Texas Mirabeau B Lamar (1838 - 1841) 2nd President of the Republic of Texas Known as the “Father of Education in Texas” Sam Houston (1841 -1844) 3rd President of the Republic of Texas Dr Anson Jones (1844 - 1846) 4th and final President of the Republic of Texas President when Texas became a state of the United States

23. limited government spending faced financial problems promissory notes was peaceful with Mexico and the Indians reduced the army eliminated the navy supported annexation served as president of the Republic of Texas served 2 terms increased government spending faced financial problems “Redbacks” issued encouraged war with Mexico and Indians supported military expeditions established public education wanted TX to be independent served as president of the Republic of Texas served 1 term announced the annexation of Texas supported annexation served as president of the Republic of Texas served 1 term