1. Learning Goal:
Students will be able to define and find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and comment on their effect on an audience

2. the art of using language to persuade
Rhetoric
the art of using language to persuade

3. Aristotle

4. Three modes of persuasion.
Aristotle
Three modes of persuasion.

5. 1. Ethos Pathos Logos

6. someone’s character, credibility, or identity
1. Ethos
someone’s character, credibility, or identity

7. Applying to NHS, colleges Defend yourself to a teacher
How you establish Ethos
Applying to NHS, colleges
Defend yourself to a teacher
The way you dress, present, identify yourself

8. A writer/speaker is establishing their Ethos when they…
list their credentials
talk about their experiences
talk about their behavior

9. we’ll call them explicit and implicit
Two types of Ethos-
we’ll call them explicit and implicit
* Explicit= Ethos that the writer
or speaker verbally tells you of.
* Implicit= Ethos that the writer or
speaker does not directly talk about.

10. Writers/Speakers can also appeal to the ethos
of their audience…
…they can appeal to their sense of identity
“Americans do not tolerate injustice”
“Don’t be the type of person who allows
this to happen…”
….they can assert a shared ethos
“We’re all in this together as Americans”

11. Let’s look for examples of Ethos in I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
A Bit of Background Info:
…Martin Luther King delivers this speech in Memphis, Tennessee, the day before he was assassinated.

12. Let’s look for examples of Ethos in I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines in which King establishes his ethos or appeals to his audience’s ethos

13. Let’s look for examples of Ethos in I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines in which King establishes his ethos or appeals to his audience’s ethos
This is important: write what effect the lines have on King’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to define and find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and comment on their effect on an audience

14. 2. Pathos
appealing to emotions

15. How you’re familiar with Pathos
Depict consequences
“Fine, don’t let me go out. I’m just going to miss out on the best years of my life.”
Puppy-Dog face
Guilt

16. A writer/speaker is drawing on pathos when they…
paint an emotionally charged image
use ‘emotive’ words
imply that you should feel a certain way

17. How does the word Pathos relate to the word pathetic?

18. How does the word Pathos relate to the word pathetic?
Something that is ‘pathetic’ in the specific sense, is sad, it stirs pity…
More generally, the word ‘pathetic’, as in a ‘pathetic appeal’ means to appeal to emotions- be they sad, happy, angry, etc.

19. Therefore, while this is ‘pathetic’ in the sad sense:

20. …This could be is ‘pathetic’ in the sense that it draws on your happier emotions:
[Get ready for it]

21. …This could be is ‘pathetic’ in the sense that it draws on your happier emotions:
[Get ready for it]

22. Again, the word ‘pathetic’, as in a ‘pathetic appeal’ means an appeal to one’s emotions- sadness, pity, anger, joy, any emotion

23. Let’s look for pathos in FDR’s
Declaration of War
For some background information:
FDR made this speech after the bombing of Pearl Harbor in It announced America’s entrance into World War II.

24. Let’s listen first:

25. Let’s look for pathos in FDR’s
Declaration of War
Let’s go back and highlight (or underline) lines in which Roosevelt appeals to his audience’s emotions
This is important: write what effect the lines have on Roosevelt’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to define and find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and comment on their effect on an audience

26. 3. Logos
appealing to logic

27. If… then… statements are attempts to make a logical argument
How you’re familiar with Logos
Inquiring “how come?” “why?” (You’re prying into the logic of your counter argument)
If… then… statements are attempts to make a logical argument
If you’ve ever used statistics in your writing
Using concessions
Even using anecdotes to back up your points

28. A writer/speaker is drawing on logos, or logic, when they…
-use examples of past experiences
use numbers or statistics
cite authoritative research

29. Let’s look for logos in ‘A Time for Choosing’
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines in which the speaker, Ronald Reagan, uses logic to persuade his audience
This is important: write what effect the lines have on the author’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to define and find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and comment on their effect on an audience

30. Let’s look for logos in ‘A Time for Choosing’
For some background information:
Ronald Reagan is giving this speech to endorse 1964 Republican Presidential Nominee Barry Goldwater. Reagan had been a Democrat for most of his life, but in this speech he outlines his reasons for voting Republican- namely the desire to see taxes lowered

31. Now Let’s take a minute to review our exit slip and mark our scales