1. Weather dynamics Notes 1 – Heat Sciences 10

2. Why ??? 1. Pourquoi des prévisions de météo sont-elles souvent incorrectes? 2. Pourquoi pensez-vous qu’il fait chaud pendant l’été et froid pendant l’hiver? 3. Pourquoi pensez-vous que les scientifiques prédisent que les changements de climat amèneront plus de conditions météorologiques sévères?

3. Heat Thermal energy: the energy of the average movement of the particles (atoms, ions, molecules) of a substance Thermal energy: the energy of the average movement of the particles (atoms, ions, molecules) of a substance Heat: transfer of thermal energy from one object to another. Heat: transfer of thermal energy from one object to another. –Goes from high to low thermal energy

4. Heat transfer There are 3 methods of heat transfer There are 3 methods of heat transfer –conduction –convection –radiation

5. Conduction Conduction: heat transfer through collisions between high and low energy particles Conduction: heat transfer through collisions between high and low energy particles Usually with solids i.e. a pot on the stove or between a solid and a liquid/gas Usually with solids i.e. a pot on the stove or between a solid and a liquid/gas

6. Convection Convection: heat transfer during which high energy particles rise. Convection: heat transfer during which high energy particles rise. –Hot particles rise (because they are less dense) –Cold particles fall (because they are more dense) –This movement creates convection currents. Usually with liquids and gases – Why not with solids? Usually with liquids and gases – Why not with solids?

7. Radiation Radiation: heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. Radiation: heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. These waves transport energy through space and release it only when they interact with certain types of matter These waves transport energy through space and release it only when they interact with certain types of matter No particles are necessary for this transfer No particles are necessary for this transfer

8. Air heating Solar radiation is the primary source of energy that heats soil and water. Solar radiation is the primary source of energy that heats soil and water.

9. To Do: (Text p.435, 438-439) Notes 1A Questions