1. Simple Past Tense
Choral Reading

2. The simple past tense of regular verbs
Choral Reading
The simple past tense of regular verbs

3. The simple past tense of regular verbs
Subject + -ed form of verb (V2)
Verb after ‘to’ + infinitive
Adverb of past:
ago
yesterday
last… (= 1 … ago)
Specific time in the past:
in (+month year)
on (+ date/day)
at (+ hour)

4. Choral Reading
Exercise 1

5. Exercise 1 worked learned loved opened; repaired started used
succeeded
died
lived

6. Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs
Choral Reading
Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs

7. Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs
Regular verbs  + ed
Verbs ending in ‘e’  + d
Verbs ending in const+y  change y to i, + ed
Verbs ending in vowl+y  + ed
One syllable verb ending in CVC  double the final consonant, + ed
Verbs ending in w or x  + ed

8. Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs
Two-syllable verbs ending in CVC, 2nd syllable stressed  double the final consonant, + ed
Two-syllable verbs, last syllable NOT stressed  do not double the final consonant, +ed

9. Choral Reading
Exercise 2

10. Exercise 2 played studied decided wanted liked showed looked stopped
happened
carried
enjoyed
dragged
dropped
started
followed
preferred
liked
mixed
admitted
developed

11. Exercise 2 played 4 studied 3 decided 2 wanted 1 liked 2 showed 6
looked 1
stopped 5
happened 8
carried 3
enjoyed 4
dragged 5
dropped 5
started 1
followed 6
preferred 7
liked 2
mixed 6
admitted 7
developed 1

12. PRONUNCIATION OF –ED PAST FORMS
Choral Reading
PRONUNCIATION OF –ED PAST FORMS

13. Pronunciation of –ed past forms
After voiceless sounds /p, k, f, s, ∫, t∫/ /t/
After voiced sounds /b, g, v, ð, z, ʒ, dʒ, m, n, ŋ, l, r/ + all vowels  /d/
After /t/ or /d/ sounds /əd/

14. Choral Reading
Exercise 3&4

15. Exercise 3 played /d/ studied /d/ decided /əd/ wanted /əd/ liked /t/
showed /d/
looked /t/
stopped /t/
happened /d/
carried /d/
enjoyed /d/
dragged /d/
dropped /t/
started /əd/
followed /d/
preferred /d/
liked /t/
mixed /t/
admitted /əd/
developed /t/

16. Exercise 4 played dreamed studied started used tried crashed fixed
stayed
offered

17. Choral Reading
Past tense of be

18. Past tense of Be
Subject + was I he
she it
singular noun

19. Past tense of Be
Subject + were
you
they we
plural noun

20. Past tense of Be There + was + singular subject
There + were + plural subject

21. Past tense of Be: Negation
Subject + was not +…
Subject+ wasn’t +…
Subject + were not +…
Subject + weren’t +…

22. Choral Reading
Exercise 5

23. Exercise 5
were
was

24. Irregular Verb 2 Verbs with no change Final d changes to t
Verbs with a vowel change
/ɛ/ or /ɒ/
/ɔ/
/oʊ/
/æ/
/Λ/
/ɒ/ or /oʊ/
/ʊ/
/ɛ/
/əʊ/ or /oʊ/, /u/
/aʊ/ or /eI/ or /ɛ/
/I/
/eI/
/ɒ/ or /ɑ/
/u/
Miscellaneous Changes

25. VOWEL CHART u i ʊ o e ə ɜ æ a ɛ ɔ ɒ ɑ I front palatal back velar
central u i
high ʊ I o e ə ɜ
mid ɛ ɔ
ə = lax, unstressed syllable
amount
ɜ = tense, stressed syllable
Furnished
Λ = clear A (ringan)
ɑ = dark A (lebih voiced)
ɔ = agak buka mulut
ɒ = mulut bulet Λ ɒ æ
low a ɑ

26. DIPHTHONGS Blue letters (usual letters)
A diphthong involves a movement from one position to another position within one syllable.
E.g. e = cake, made, may, say
oʊ = go, no, so, low
a = high, tide, cry
aʊ = cow, how, bow

27. Choral Reading
summary

28. Summary Be  was/were Other verbs  regular/irregular verbs
Note-Questions:
WH-  Where did she work?
Negative  Why didn’t she work on Sunday?
Subject  Who worked on Sunday?

29. Choral Reading
Summary exercises

30. Exercise A were not / weren’t didn’t fly wasn’t didn’t invent
didn’t die
didn’t go
didn’t come
wasn’t born
didn’t build
didn’t become
Wright Brothers: two American brothers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are credited with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane
Charles Lindbergh: American aviator
Amelia Earhart: Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean
Robert Hutchings Goddard: an American professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket

31. Exercise B Did Orville Wright become famous? Yes, he did.
Was Goddard an aviator? No, he wasn’t.
Did Earhart fly across the Atlantic Ocean? Yes, she did.
Was Goddard born in the U.S.? Yes, he was.

32. Exercise B
Did the Wright brothers write about rockets? No, they didn’t.
Did the Americans send a man into space? Yes, they did.
Did Wilbur Wright die in 1945? No, he didn’t.

33. Exercise C When was Lindbergh born?
What did the Wright brothers invent?
Who invented the airplane?
When did Earhart cross the ocean?
How much (money) did Lindbergh/he get for his flight?

34. Exercise C Why did Earhart/she want to fly around the world?
How many people saw Lindbergh in Paris?
Why didn’t they believe his ideas? // Why did they not believe his ideas?
When did Orville Wright die?
What (ideas) did the president examine?