1. Soaring to New Heights – The Renaissance in Italy TODAY Florence—The School of the World: Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael and Others: Lorenzo the Magnificent; Maturing of Italian Humanism and Renaissance Ideals

2. LAST TIME…

3. Filippo Brunelleschi - Dome of the Cathedral 1420-36 - Duomo, Florence

4. Donatello David c. 1430 Bronze, height: 185 cm Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence

5. Masaccio - The Expulsion The Brancacci Chapel, Florence 1426

6. Fra Angelico - c.1434-35 Deposition of Christ - Florence: San Marco

7. Fra Filippo Lippi - Madonna with the Child and two Angels 1465 Tempera on wood, 95 x 62 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

8. Piero della Francesca - Baptism of Christ - 1448-50 Tempera on panel, 167 x 116 cm National Gallery, London

9. Andrea del Castagno - The Youthful David c. 1450 Tempera on leather on wood, width at bottom 115,6 x 41 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington

10. Lorenzo de’ Medici, also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent Florentine statesman, ruler, and patron of arts and letters, the most brilliant of the Medici. He ruled Florence with his younger brother, Giuliano (1453–78), from 1469 to 1478 and, after the latter's assassination, was sole ruler from 1478 to 1492. Raphael – Portrait of Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1518.

11. Leon Battista Alberti 1404-1472 Italian humanist, architect, and principal initiator of Renaissance art theory. In his personality, works, and breadth of learning, he is considered the prototype of the Renaissance “universal man.”

12. Basilica 550 B.C.E. – Paestum, Italy

13. Leon Battista Alberti 1445 -1470 Palazzo Rucellai facade Florence

14. Leon Battista Alberti - Exterior of Tempio Malatestiana - 1450 S. Francesco, Rimini

15. Leon Battista Alberti - 1456-70 - Santa Maria Novella - Florence

16. Leon Battista Alberti - 1456-70 Santa Maria Novella - facade Florence

17. Paolo Uccello - 1397-1475 Florentine painter whose work attempted uniquely to reconcile two distinct artistic styles—the essentially decorative late Gothic and the new heroic style of the early Renaissance. He was the first painter to complete a work in precise linear perspective.

18. Paolo Uccello - Creation of Eve and Original Sin - 1432-36 Fresco, 244 x 478 cm - Green Cloister, Santa Maria Novella, Florence

20. Paolo Uccello - Birth of the Virgin - c. 1435 - Fresco, 302 x 361 cm Duomo, Prato

22. Paolo Uccello - Bernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse - 1450s Tempera on wood, 182 x 220 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

24. Paolo Uccello – Crucifixion - 1460-65 Tempera on panel, 45 x 67 cm - Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

25. Sandro Botticelli - 1445-1510 One of the greatest lyrical painters of the Florentine Renaissance. His The Birth of Venus and Primavera are often said to epitomize for modern viewers the spirit of the Renaissance. At the same time, he never wholly lost the influence of the International Gothic Style.

26. Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi – 1465-67 - Tempera on panel, 50 x 136 cm - National Gallery, London

28. Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi - c. 1475 - Tempera on panel 111 x 134 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

29. Sandro Botticelli – Portrait of Giuliano de' Medici 1478 Panel, 54 x 36 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin

30. Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi – 1481-82 - Tempera on panel 70 x 103 cm - National Gallery of Art, Washington

31. Sandro Botticelli – Primavera - c. 1482 Tempera on panel, 203 x 314 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

34. Sandro Botticelli - The Birth of Venus - c. 1485 Tempera on canvas, 172.5 x 278.5 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

37. Fra Filippo Lippi - Madonna with the Child and two Angels

38. Leonardo da Vinci - 1452-1519 Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer whose genius, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. His Last Supper (1495–98) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503–06) are among the most widely popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance. His notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical inventiveness that were centuries ahead of their time.

39. Verrochio - The Baptism of Christ 1472- 75 Tempera and oil on panel Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

40. Verrochio The Baptism of Christ 1472-75 Detail by Leonardo da Vinci Tempera and oil on panel Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

41. Leonardo da Vinci - Automobile 1478-80 Metalpoint, pen and brush on paper, 27 x 20 cm Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

42. Leonardo da Vinci - Crossbow Machine - 1480-82 - Drawing Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

43. Leonardo da Vinci - Assault chariot with scythes - c. 1485 Silverpoint, pen and ink on paper, 210 x 292 mm - Biblioteca Reale, Turin

44. Leonardo da Vinci – Drawings of a woman’s torso and torso and arms - Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

45. Leonardo da Vinci – Flying Machine – 1487 (LEFT) Giant Crossbow 1480-82 (RIGHT)

46. Leonardo da Vinci - Comparison of scalp skin and onion 1489 Pen, ink and red chalk on paper, 203 x 152 mm Royal Library, Windsor

47. Leonardo da Vinci - Vitruvian Man 1492 Pen, ink, watercolour and metalpoint on paper, 343 x 245 mm Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

48. Leonardo da Vinci – Annunciation - 1472-75 Tempera on wood, 98 x 217 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

52. Leonardo da Vinci - Portrait of Ginevra de' Benci 1474-46 Oil on wood, 38,8 x 36,7 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington

53. Leonardo da Vinci - St Jerome c. 1480 Oil on panel, 103 x 75 cm Pinacoteca Vaticana, Vatican, Rome

54. Leonardo da Vinci - Portrait of Cecilia Gallerani (Lady with an Ermine) 1483-90 Oil on wood, 54,8 x 40,3 cm Czartoryski Museum, Cracow

56. Leonardo da Vinci - Madonna Litta c. 1490-91, Tempera on canvas, transferred from panel, 42 x 33 cm The Hermitage, St. Petersburg

57. Leonardo da Vinci - Virgin of the Rocks 1483-86 Oil on panel, 199 x 122 cm Musée du Louvre, Paris

59. Leonardo da Vinci - Studies for the Last Supper - c. 1495

60. Leonardo da Vinci - The Last Supper - 1498 Mixed technique, 460 x 880 cm Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

62. High Resolution Image of Restored Last Supper

63. Leonardo da Vinci - The Battle of Anghiari (detail) - 1503-05 Black chalk, pen and ink

64. Michelangelo - 1475-1564 Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, and poet who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime, and ever since then, he has been held to be one of the greatest artists of all time. A number of his works in painting, sculpture, and architecture rank among the most famous in existence.

65. Laocoön marble sculpture attributed to Agesander, Athenodorus, and Polydorus of Rhodes (or perhaps a Roman copy) 2nd century B.C.E.–1st century C.E. – Vatican Museum

66. Michelangelo Madonna of the Stairs 1490-92 Marble, 55,5 x 40 cm Casa Buonarroti, Florence

67. Pazzi Madonna – Donatello 1420-30s Marble, 74,5 x 69,5 cm - Staatliche Museen, Berlin

68. Michelangelo Battle - c. 1492 Marble, 84,5 x 90,5 cm Casa Buonarroti, Florence

69. Michelangelo – Vatican Pietà -1499 - Marble, height 174 cm, width at the base 195 cm - Basilica di San Pietro, Vatican

72. Madonna and Child - (Bruges Madonna) - Michelangelo - 1501-05 Marble, height: 128 cm (including base) O.L. Vrouwekerk, Bruges

74. Michelangelo David 1504 Marble, height 434 cm Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence

77. Michelangelo - Battle of Cascina (part) – 1505 - Cartoon Private collection

78. Michelangelo - The Holy Family with the infant St. John the Baptist (the Doni tondo) c. 1506 Tempera on panel, diameter 120 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

80. Raphael - 1483-1520 Master painter and architect of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael is best known for his paintings of the Madonna and for his large figural compositions in the Vatican in Rome. His work is admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition, and for its visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur.

81. Pietro Perugino c. 1494 Francesco delle Opere Florence: Galleria degli Uffizi

82. Raphael Angel (fragment of the Baronci Altarpiece) 1500-01 Oil on wood, 57 x 36 cm Musée du Louvre, Paris

83. Raphael Crucifixion (Città di Castello Altarpiece) 1502-03 Oil on wood, 281 x 165 cm National Gallery, London

84. Raphael - The Granduca Madonna 1504 Oil on wood, 84 x 55 cm Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence

85. Raphael - Madonna and Child (The Small Cowper Madonna) 1504-05 Oil on wood, 58 x 43 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington

86. Raphael - The Three Graces - 1504-05 Oil on panel, 17 x 17 cm - Musée Condé, Chantilly

87. Raphael - St Michael and the Dragon c. 1505 Oil on wood, 31 x 27 cm Musée du Louvre, Paris

88. Raphael - Self-Portrait 1506 Oil on wood, 45 x 33 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

89. Raphael - Portrait of Maddalena Doni 1506 Oil on panel, 63 x 45 cm Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence

90. Raphael - Madonna of Belvedere (Madonna del Prato) 1506 Oil on wood, 113 x 88 cm Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

91. Raphael - The Entombment 1507 Oil on wood, 184 x 176 cm Galleria Borghese, Rome Painted in Umbria

93. OUR NEXT TOPIC The Italian Schools: Redefinitions of Classical Art; Expulsion of the Medici; Girolamo Savonarola; The Republic, Florence loses her “sons”