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Debu Tripathy, MD Professor of Medicine University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Highlights from the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
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Key SABCS Abstracts on Triple Negative Breast Cancer S5-01. CALGB 40603 -Addition of carboplatin to neoadjuvant weekly paclitaxel – impact on pCR S1-06. GeparSixto: Impact of Carboplatin and Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) S1-01. TILs in TNBC: ECOG 2197 and 1199 S5-02. Veliparib/carboplatin plus standard neoadjuvant therapy in TNBC: Results from the I-SPY 2 TRIAL P2-09-02. BMN 673 in BRCA-mutation-related breast cancer S6-01. JAK2 in Residual TNBC S4-03. Sequencing of TNBC metastases – novel genes of specific ontogeny and association with outcome
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CALGB 40603: Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel ± Carboplatin ± Bevacizumab in TNBC Sikov WM, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-01 Stage II-III TNBC (N = 443) Paclitax. 80 mg/m 2 qw x 12 Carbo AUC 6 q3w x 4 Paclitax. 80 mg/m 2 qw x 12 Bevaciz. 10 mg/kg q2w x 9 Paclitax. 80 mg/m 2 qw x 12 Carbo AUC 6 q3w x 4 Bevaciz. 10 mg/kg q2w x 9 dd AC X 4 Surgery + Radiation as needed
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CALGB 40603: Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel ± Carboplatin ± Bevacizumab in TNBC Sikov WM, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-01
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CALGB 40603: Pathologic CR (ypT0/is N0) pCR % No Carbo (N = 212) Carbo (N = 221) All (N = 433) No Bev (N = 218)394944 OR = 1.36 p = 0.057 Bev (N = 215)436052 All (N = 433)4154 OR = 1.71; p = 0.0029 Carbo/Bev interaction p =.43 Sikov WM, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-01
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*1 death due to uncontrolled hypertension. CALGB 40603 – Serious Adverse Events Chemo Chemo + Bev Chemo + Carbo Chemo + Carbo + Bev N Evaluable Total15392946 FN during AC5151017 Nausea/vomiting/ dehydration 1556 Bleeding0205 DVT or PE1614 Infection (normal ANC) 41029 GI perforation0101
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CALGB 40603: Take Home Points Carboplatin increases pCR rate Bevacizumab show trend toward better pCR rate No interaction between bevacizumab and carboplatin for efficacy Bev leads to more Grade III HTN, febrile neutropenia, bleeding, thrombus, surgical complications Carbo leads to more Gr III/IV neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and attenuates amount of paclitaxel delivered Long-term impact on DFS, OS not known
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GeparSixto: Addition of Neo Adj Carboplatin Von Minckwitz G, et al ASCO 2013, Abstract # 1004
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GeparSixto: Carboplatin Impact on pCR Von Minckwitz G, et al ASCO 2013, Abstract # 1004
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Carboplatin Impact on pCR: HER+ vs. TNBC Von Minckwitz G, et al ASCO 2013, Abstract # 1004
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Incremental Improvements in TNBC pCR Von Minckwitz G, et al ASCO 2013, Abstract # 1004 + Bevacizumab + Platinum
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pCR Rates: Based on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) Denkert C, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S1-06 P<0.005 P=0.09 P<0.005
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GeparSixto: Impact of TILs for Carboplatin Neoadjuvant Tx for TN and HER2+ Early Breast Cancer Denkert C, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S1-06 Stromal TILs (per 10%)OR (95% CI)P ValueTest for Interaction All patients PM1.11 (1.00-1.22).040.006 PM + carboplatin1.35 (1.21-1.49)<.0005 Triple negative PM1.09 (0.96-1.25)NS0.27 PM + carboplatin1.22 (1.06-1.39).004 HER2+ PM1.13 (0.98-1.30)NS0.007 PM + carboplatin1.53 (1.29-1.82)<.0005
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ECOG 2197 and 1199: Stromal TILs in Adjuvant Therapy for TNBC Adams S, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S1-07 DFS Probability DDFS Probability OS Probability P=0.02 Years P=0.05 P=0.03 sTIL=0 sTIL=10 sTIL=20-40 sTIL=50-80 sTIL=0 sTIL=10 sTIL=20-40 sTIL=50-80 sTIL=0 sTIL=10 sTIL=20-40 sTIL=50-80 Years
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ECOG 2197 and 1199: sTILs in Adjuvant Therapy for TNBC Stromal TILs associated with better prognosis (DFS, DRFI, OS) after standard adjuvant therapy in TNBC (multivariate model) –DFS HR: 0.84 (95% CI: 0.74-0.95; P =.005) –DRFI HR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.97; P =.02) –OS HR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67-0.92; P =.003) For every 10% incremental gain of stromal TILs: –14% reduction of risk for recurrence/death (P =.02) –18% reduction of risk for distant recurrence (P =.04) –19% reduction of risk for death (P =.01) Adams S, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S1-07
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Paclitaxel + Trastuzumab* + New Agent A Paclitaxel + New Agent C Eligible for NAC Paclitaxel+ Trastuzumab Paclitaxel + Trastuzumab* + New Agent B Paclitaxel Paclitaxel + New Agent E AC HER 2 (+) HER 2 (–) Randomize Surgery Learn and adapt from each patient as we go along Paclitaxel + New Agent F Paclitaxel + Trastuzumab* + New Agent C Paclitaxel + New Agent D Paclitaxel + New Agent GH Paclitaxel + Trastuzumab* + New Agent F MRI Residual Disease (Pathology) Key I-SPY 2 TRIAL Schema Learn, Drop, Graduate, and Replace Agents Over Time Rugo H, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-02
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Agent Overview DrugClassCompanyStart Date ABT-888 (Veliparib) PARP InhibitorAbbottMarch 2010 Neratinib (HKI-272) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Puma/PfizerMarch 2010 AMG 386Vascular DisruptorAmgenOctober 2011 AMG 479 + Metformin IGFR Inhibitor + Metformin AmgenApril 2012 MK2206AKT InhibitorMerckJuly 2012 PertuzumabHER Dimerization Inhibitor Genentech/RocheJune 2013 T-DM1 + Pertuzumab ADC: Trastuzumab + Mertansine Genentech/RocheJune 2013 Rugo H, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-02
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I-SPY 2 Trial Adaptive Design Adaptive randomization –Uses a pre-specified and automated algorithm –Randomization probabilities update as study proceeds »By signature, and based on MRI and pCR results Algorithm triggers the decision to “graduate” when 60-120 patients are enrolled 85% predicted likelihood of success in a randomized phase 3 neoadjuvant trial –N=300 patients –pCR is the endpoint Rugo H, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-02
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Veliparib/Carboplatin GRADUATES in the Triple Negative Signature SIGNATURE Estimated pCR Rate (95% probability interval) Probability Veliparib + Carbo is Superior to Control Predictive Probability of Success in Phase 3 Veliparib/ Carbo Concurrent Control All HER2- 33% (22-43%) 22% (10-35%) 92%55% HR+/HER2- 14% (4-27%) 19% (6-35%) 28%9% HR-/HER2- 52% (35-69%) 26% (11-40%) 99%90% Rugo H, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-02
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Safety Concurrent Control Veliparib/ Carboplatin N4463 Hematologic, > grade 3 (%)4.526.4 Febrile neutropenia4.513.9 Neutropenia11.437.5 Thrombocytopenia0.015.3 Anemia0.030.6 Gastrointestinal, all < grade 3 (%)54.554.2 Stomatitis6.812.5 Nausea5051.4 Vomiting11.419.4 Diarrhea9.125 Rugo H, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S5-02 Paclitaxel dose reductions in 27%
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Response to PARP Inhibitor BMN 673 Phase I Study Mina LA, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract P2-09-02 9/18 patients with TNBC
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BMN 673 Update BMN 673 showed single-agent antitumor activity and favorable progression-free survival in BRCA-related advanced breast cancer o 72% clinical benefit rate in in BRCA-related breast cancer o 6% CR, 39% PR, 28% SD ≥ 24 wks Generally well tolerated, with common drug-related toxicities seen in < 30% of patients and include myelosuppression, fatigue, nausea, and alopecia Phase III trial of BMN 673 in combination with chemotherapy in patients with MBC and deleterious germline mutations of BRCA1 or 2 is ongoing and randomized trial compared to physicians choice is planned Mina LA, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract P2-09-02
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Genomic Analysis of Residual TNBC After Neoadjuvant Therapy Deep Sequencing (Foundation Medicine) for 182 oncogenes in 72 evaluable cases with enough “coverage” JAK2 was novel and not seen in primary cases so far Balko JM, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S6-1
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JAK2 in TNBC JAK2 is a receptor coupled TK that activates STAT proliferation and differentiation pathway is involved in stem cell maintenance JAK2 mutations and amplification seen in TNBC, with amplification expansion seen upon treatment JAK2 amplification associated with worse survival in TNBC JAK2 inhibitor trials underway in breast cancer Balko JM, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S6-1
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Exome Sequencing of TNBC Metastases: Pathogenesis and Treatment Targets Germline, Primary, Metastasis Comparisons Blackwell K, et al. SABCS 2013, Abstract S4-03 Primary and Metastatic Mutations N=331 Metastatic-specific N=31 ABCA12, ADAM18 ARGHAP21, BRWD3, CCDC84, DCHS2, DLEC1, DOCK5, DYNCH1, FANCM, GRIN2C, TP53, MTOR, TRPM2, others 4/6 genes with PFS difference involved in macromolecule metabolism
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