1. Modelling the formation of attentional episodes: It’s about time Brad Wyble Molly Potter and Howard Bowman Mark Nieuwenstein Jenn Olejarczyk 25/08/08 Utrecht

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5. Attentional Blink Time(ms) T2|T1 3006000 T1 T2 100 msec 5 6 A 9 B 4..DTTD..

6. Spreading of Sparing Olivers, Van Der Stighchel & Hulleman (2007) Kawahara, Kumada, & DiLollo (2007) …D T1 T2 D D… 90 ms …D T1 T2 T3 D… % Accuracy 100 70 40 …D T1 D T2 D… Sparing

7. Sparing and Blinking: A temporal attention strategy DTTT T D T One Window Two Windows DDD T D

8. Working Memory Encoding Targets * Competitive Regulation Of Temporal Attention Attention

9. Competitive Attention In RSVP: D D T1 D D D Sparing Blink Attention T1 Encoding

10. Spreading the Sparing D D T1 T2 D D DD D T1 T2 T3 D DD D T1 D D D D

11. A Target Gap Produces a blink D D T1 D T2 D Sparing T1 Blink

12. Simultaneous-Type Serial -Token Episodic Tokens Binding Pool 1 234 Encoding Types T1Tn Input T2 D … … Task Demand Input * Blaster Transient Attention Working Memory Encoding Targets Attention

13. Lag-3 Blink! T1 T2 Lag-5 No Blink Two targets Type Attention T2 Working Memory T1 500 ms T1T2

14. Simulating the blink Data from: Chun & Potter (1995) Lag T1 T2|T1 Accuracy

15. Spreading of Sparing Data from Olivers, Van Der Stigchel, & Hulleman (2007) Same Parameters

16. Prediction : ~200 ms temporal Interval between targets initiate an Attentional Blink One RSVP Experiment 4 conditions all mixed together...D T D T D T D T D......D T T T T D D D D......DDTDTDTDTDD......DDTTTTDDDDD... 107 ms SOA53 ms SOA

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18. 56NBK D34259 4 3

19. Slow Trials: Predictions and Data two-tailed t, p <.001 400ms 700ms 62% 52% Std Err Accuracy

20. Fast Trials Std Err

21. Time course of attention unaltered by distractors DTDTDTDTD 400ms (50ms SOA) D T T T T D 400ms (100 ms SOA) Std Err

22. Why care about episodes ? Sparing : More Items Blinking : Episodic Distinctiveness Measure temporal order as an index of episodic information

23. Temporal Order for Targets 200ms apart TDTDTD T TTTTDDD 200ms 91% 79% p <.015 std err ~4% Blinked Spared Correctly Ordered 100% 86%

24. T1T2T3 Encoding Temporal order Sparing/Blinking T1T2D Blinking Sparing

25. CONCLUSION eSTST Model The Attentional Blink provides Episodic Distinctiveness: Sparing at a Cost Wyble, Bowman,Nieuwenstein (In Press) JEP: HPP http://www.bradwyble.com/research/models/eSTST/ Attention structures perception into episodes This strategy manifests as sparing and blinking Temporal intervals between target onsets, not distractors, trigger the end of an episode