1. Planning at CMM level 2 Copyright, 2000 © Jerzy R. Nawrocki Jerzy.Nawrocki@put.poznan.pl www.cs.put.poznan.pl/jnawrocki/mse/quality/ Requirements Engineering Lecture 12 Requirements Engineering Lecture 12

2. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Plan of the lecture Introduction Work products Work products measures Abilities Wide-band Delphi Method Abilities (contd.) Activities

3. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 IntroductionIntroduction Documented procedures for.. developing an SDP estimating size, effort, cost, critical computer resources, and schedule planning SQA activities planning SCM...

4. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 IntroductionIntroduction Product measures Process measures SizeEffort Cost (not applicable?) (Computer) resources Delivery date (schedule) Measures at CMM Level 2

5. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Work products IPD Concept of the system SRS (Intermediate) design Implementation (a set of modules) Acceptance tests Bachelor thesis Specification Implementation idea Code Test bed Test cases

6. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Work products IPD Concept of the system SRS (Intermediate) design Implementation (a set of modules) Acceptance tests Bachelor thesis 1 Introduction (~IPD) 2 Concept of the system 3 Requirements specification 4 Intermediate design 5 Implementation 6 Acceptance tests 7 Development plans 8 Measurements 9 Conclusions

7. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Work product measures IPD (A4, ch) Concept of the system (A4, ch, sc, bh) SRS (A4, ch, rq) (Intermediate) design (A4, ch, de) Implementation (A4, lc, ch, ht, tb, tc) Acceptance tests (A4, ch, tb, tc) Bachelor thesis (A4, ch) A4: A4 pages ch: characters sc: scenarios bh: behaviours rq: requirements de: diagram elements lc: Lines of code ht: HTML tags tb: test beds tc: test cases

8. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Ab1. A documented and approved statement of work exists for the software project.

9. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Scope of the work Technical goals and objectives Identification of customers & end users Imposed standards Assigned responsibilities Cost and schedule constraints and goals Statement of Work (I)

10. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Dependencies between the software project and other organisations (customer, subcontractors, j.v. partners) Resource constraints Other constraints Statement of Work (II) Statement of work is reviewed. It is managed and controlled.

11. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Ab2. Responsibilities for developing the software development plan are assigned. The project manager co-ordinates the project’s planning. Responsibilities for the software work products and activities are partitioned and assigned to in a traceable, accountable manner.

12. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Responsibilities at PUT AbilitiesAbilities SQA plan: the SQA group SCM plan: S.C. Manager Other activities and work products: ‘Project Planner’ (4th year) The recommended technique: Wide-band Delphi Method

13. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Wide-band Delphi method Rand Corporation, Boehm’81 A few experts individually produce size estimates. A Delphi process is used to reach a consensus. Pythia

14. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Wide-band Delphi method 1. Experts get the specification and an estimation form 2. They meet for discussion (project goals, assumptions, estimation issues) 3. Each expert anonymously lists the tasks and estimates the size 4. The estimates go to the estimate moderator. He tabulates the results and returns them to the experts. The Delphi procedure The estimate moderator

15. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Wide-band Delphi method Estimator: Jerzy Nawrocki Date: 22.06.1999 Project: Sorting routine The estimates from the 1st round: e E M e e 0 20 40 60 80 100 e - estimates, E - your estimate, M - median estimate Your estimate for the next round:......... LOC A rationale for your estimate:.........................................................................................................................................

16. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Wide-band Delphi method 5. The experts meet to discuss the results. They review the tasks they have defined but not their size estimates. 6. The procedure is repeated from step 3 until the estimates are acceptably near The Delphi procedure The estimate moderator

17. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Ab3. Adequate resources and funding are provided for planning the project. Is it enough?

18. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 AbilitiesAbilities Ab4. The software managers, software engineers, and other individuals involved in the  software project planning are trained in the software estimating and planning procedures applicable to their areas of responsibility.

19. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Plan of the lecture Introduction Work products Work products measures Abilities Wide-band Delphi Method Abilities (contd.) Activities

20. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac1. The software engineering group participates on the project proposal team. The software engineering group reviews the proposed commitments.

21. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Overall planning ActivitiesActivities Ac2. Software project planning is initiated in the early stages of, and in parallel with, the overall project planning. Software planning At PUT: software project = overall proj.

22. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac3. The software engineering group participates with other affected groups in the overall project planning throughout the project’s life. The software engineering group reviews the project-level plans.

23. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac4. Software project commitments made to individuals and groups external to the organisation are reviewed with senior management (J.N. or B.W.) according to a documented procedure.

24. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac5. A software life cycle with predefined stages of manageable size is identified or defined.

25. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities IPD Concept of the system (scenarios) Soft. requirements specification Detailed planning High-level design with UML Release 1 (from reqs to acceptance) Release 2 Final acceptance (bachelor degree) Classical software life cycle at PUT

26. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac6. The project’s software development plan is developed according to a documented procedure.  How to write SDP

27. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities The SDP is based on the customer’s and project’s standards, IPD, and SRS. Plans are negotiated with the affected groups (3rd year!). The agreements are documented. The SDP is reviewed, and managed and controlled.  How to write SDP The planning procedure at PUT

28. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities  How to write SDP The planning procedure at PUT The SDP is approved by the Project Area Manager (Bartek). The SDP is available through the project’s web page along with all the previous versions of it. That web page is referenced in the Initial Project Description (IPD).

29. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities Ac7. The plan for the software project is documented.  SDSD P

30. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities 1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the Document 1.2 Scope of the Plan 1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 1.4 References 2. Project’s purpose, scope, goals, and objectives 3. The selected software life cycle 5. Work products to be developed SDP (I)

31. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities 5. Selected procedures, methods, and standards 5.1 Change management procedure 5.2 Configuration management 5.3 Review procedure 5.4 Unit testing 5.5 Integration testing 5.6 SRS standard 5.7 Coding standards 5.8 Acceptance procedure 5.9 Bachelor thesis standard SDP (II)

32. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 ActivitiesActivities 6. SQA plan 7. SCM plan 8. Size estimates 9. Effort estimates 10. Estimated use of critical computer resources 11. The project schedule with milestones & reviews 12. Risk factors and mitigation plans 13. Project facilities and support tools SDP (III)

33. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Generic FTR procedure Parameters to be specified in SDP Name of the product URL of the standard doc-struct Due date for approved product Producer Review leader (SQA group) Recorder (SQA group) Reviewers (including recorder) Expected preparation time Expected meeting duration

34. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 SummarySummary Wide-band Delphi Method Work products and their measures Function Points have not been discussed The planning procedure Structure of the SDP

35. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Further readings  [CMM] M.C. Paulk et. al.,The Capability Maturity Model: Guidelines for Improving the Software Process, Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1994.

36. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 HomeworkHomework Does SDS Initial Project Description satisfy the requirements imposed by CMM on a ‘statement of work’. If not, propose a new standard for IPD. Exercise the Wide-band Delphi Method

37. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 12 Quality assessment 1. What is your general impression? (1 - 6) 2. Was it too slow or too fast? 3. What important did you learn during the lecture? 4. What to improve and how?