1. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & TELECOMMUNICATION: ISSUES IN INDONESIA Budi Rahardjo Bana G. Kartasasmita Institut Teknologi Bandung Presented at “New Vision of Research and Technology Policies in Indonesia; Market Needs Industry Cooperation” Jakarta, March 6-7, 2000

2. Current Global Situation l Convergence of of computing, communication and content (3C). l The three cannot be separated.

3. Internet Explosion l Internet creates new opportunities and challenges Current Global Situation

4. Internet Explosion in Asia l Started in Silicon Valley, now the wave is moving to Asia! (Business Week, Asia Week, and other Asia publications reported this phenomena) l New cybermoguls in Asia –Masayoshi Son (Japan) –Richard Li (Hongkong) –??? (Indonesia) Current Global Situation

5. Global Challenges l Human Resources l Standards l Law and regulation

6. Human Resources l Issues –Shortage of IT professionals (e.g. Silicon Valley still needs more people) –How to develop capable human resources in a short period of time Global Challenges

7. Standards l Standards –Equipment, protocols l TCP/IP is the de-facto standard l Other “standards”: SMTP, HTTP, NNTP, X.509, GSM, CDMA, etc. (too many standards) l Open vs. proprietary standards –Compatibility between different systems Global Challenges

8. Law and regulation l The removal of “time and space” barrier changes law –Which law to use if there is a global dispute? –The need to have cyberlaw Global Challenges

9. Indonesia Issues l Market size l Human Resources l Technology Transfer l Standards l Road Map

10. Market size l Indonesia Internet statistics –ISP licenses: 46 Operational ISP: 35 –Internet subscribers: 250.000 Users (including corporate, warnet, sharing): 500.000 –MARS Indonesia survey: Indonesia Internet growth: 23%/year 2003 subscribers: 740.000 2003 users: 2.2 millions APJII’s target: 5 million (2002) Indonesia Issues

11. Internet wave is in Indonesia! l Indonesia Portals –Astaga! –Detik.com –Plasa.com –Suatunet –Web88888 l Venture Capitals are entering Indonesia Indonesia Issues

12. Human Resources l Opportunity –Potential to produce [IT] professionals for local and global demand l Challenges –Current limitations: number and quality –Lack of English capability –Can we compete with India and China to supply the global demand of technology professionals? Indonesia Issues

13. Human Resources [cont.] l Strategies –Link with global players in education, research, training, worker placement (e.g.. career placement office in universities) –Develop world-class education and training centers: The need to have world-class Science & Technology Universities –Send technology professionals abroad (brain reserve not brain drain) Indonesia Issues

14. Technology transfer l Challenges –Access to technology know how, access to information –Internet access is important –Weak in Intellectual Property Rights Indonesia Issues

15. Standards l Challenges –Many standards! (e.g. standar in wireless phones GSM, AMPS, NMT, CDMA) –Which one to choose? Indonesia Issues

16. Road Map l Geographical diversity –Telecommunication, especially wireless and satellite, technology is crucial –Remote sensing, GIS, GPS –Indonesia must master these technologies Indonesia Issues

17. Wireless Technology l Wireless networked digital devices: a new paradigm for computing and communication –http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/384/zimmerman.html Indonesia Issues

18. Opportunities l Potential business with the growth of cellular phones l Opportunities in the following technology: –Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) –Bluetooth Wireless Technology

19. World situation l Europeans are ahead in technology –Siemens, Nokia, Ericsson l Japan is ahead in application –NTT Docomo I-mode l Must link with global players (such as institutions in Germany) Wireless technology

20. Concluding Remarks l Grab opportunities. No second chance. l Link & collaboration with global players in wireless technology (such as with industries and institutions in Germany, e.g. Siemens) is important l Where do we go from here? –We need to achieve something real –Initiative: Bandung High Tech Valley