1. Ministry of Labour and Social Security
SEMINAR ON PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES AGAINST HAZARDS RELEASED AT SHIPYARDS
Ministry of Labour and Social Security
TAIEX / EC
(IM 30802)
Istanbul, TURKEY
6-7 November 2008 1

2. OSH Risk Assessment in Shipyards
Occupational Safety and Health EU legislation applicable to Shipyards
J. Costa
ISQ / TD 1

3. Contents OSH figures in the EU OSH legislation - types, source, access
OSH legislation - composition
OSH Framework directive
OSH Individual directives - examples
Conclusions

4. 1. OSH Figures in the EU

5. Source: European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) / EU-15 / 2004
OSH burden in the EU
Accidents at work
4 x 106 /y, > 3 days off work
> 6 x 106 /y (all acc)
4400 fatal accidents in 2004
Source: European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) / EU-15 / 2004

6. Work related ill-health (OD) Source: EU Labour Force Survey (1999)
OSH burden in the EU
Work related ill-health (OD)
8 x 106 person/y;
5400/ persons/y
Source: EU Labour Force Survey (1999)

7. OSH burden in the EU COSTS 55000 x 106 € (0,64% GDP, EU-15, 2000)
ACCIDENTS AT WORK
2,6-3,8% GDP, EU-15, 2000
ACC AT W + OD

8. 2. OSH Legislation - types, source, access

9. Types of Legislation
REGULATIONS
DIRECTIVES
RECOMMENDATIONS
Directives - legal instruments for OSH EU Legislation
SOURCE: Official Journal of the European Union

10. Types of Legislation
RECOMMENDATION

11. Types of Legislation
DIRECTIVE

12. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
Access to Legislation
EUR-Lex Database
OFFICIAL JOURNAL
SIMPLE SEARCH
ADVANCED SEARCH
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
LEGISLATION
DIRECTIVES

13. 3. OSH Legislation - composition

14. Framework Directive (89/391/EC)
EU OSH LEGISLATION
Framework Directive (89/391/EC)
Individual Directives (19)
Time span: 19y (1989 through 2008)

15. 19 Individual Directives ID applicable to Shipyards - 16
Workplace - Dir 89/654/EEC (1st ID)
Work equipment - Dir 89/655/EEC (2nd ID)
Personal protective equipment - Dir 89/656/EEC (3rd ID)
Manual handling - Dir 90/269/EEC (4th ID)
Display screen equipment - Dir 90/270/EEC (5th ID)
Carcinogens / Mutagens - Dir 90/394/EEC (6th ID)
Biological agents - Dir 90/679/EEC (7th ID)

16. 19 Individual Directives ID applicable to Shipyards - 16
T/M Construction sites - Dir 92/57/EEC (8th ID)
S/H signs - Dir 92/58/EEC (9th ID)
Chemical agents - Dir 98/24/EEC (14th ID)
Explosive atmospheres - Dir 99/92/EEC (15th ID)

17. 19 Individual Directives ID applicable to Shipyards - 16
Ph ag (Vibration) - Dir 2002/44/EC (16th ID)
Ph ag (Noise) - Dir 2003/10/EC (17th ID)
Ph ag (EMF) - Dir 2004/40/EC (18th ID)
Ph ag (AOR) - Dir 2006/25/EC (19th ID)

18. Personal Protective Equipment Manual Handling of Loads
INDIVIDUAL DIRECTIVE
SUBJECT 1
89/654/CEE
Workplace 2
89/655/CEE
95/63/CEE
2001/45/CE
Work Equipment 3
89/656/CEE
Personal Protective Equipment 4
90/269/CEE
Manual Handling of Loads 5
90/270/CEE
Display Screen Equipment 6
90/394/CEE
97/42/CE
99/38/CE
2004/37CE
Carcinogenic / Mutagenic Agents
78/610/CEE
VCM −
83/477/CEE
91/382/CE
2003/18/CE
Asbestos

19. Temporary / Mobile Construction Sites Safety and/or Health Signs
INDIVIDUAL DIRECTIVE
SUBJECT 7
90/679/CEE
93/88/CEE
95/30/CE
97/59/CE; 97/65/EC
2000/54/CE
Biological Agents 8
92/57/CEE
Temporary / Mobile Construction Sites 9
77/576/CEE
79/640/CEE
92/58/CEE
Safety and/or Health Signs 10
92/85/CEE
Pregnant Workers,… 14
98/24/CE
Chemical Agents
82/605/CEE
Exposure to Lead
88/364/CEE
Prohibition of Agents −
91/322/CEE
96/94/CEE
2000/39/CE
2006/15/CE
OEL

20. Explosive Atmospheres
INDIVIVIDUAL DIRECTIVE
SUBJECT 15
99/92/CE
Explosive Atmospheres 16
2002/44/CE
Physical Agents (Vibration) 17
86/188/CEE
2003/10/CE
Physical Agents (Noise) 18
2004/40/CE
Physical Agents (EMF) 19
2006/25/CE
Physical Agents (AOR)

21. 4. OSH Framework Directive

22. Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
S I - General provisions
S II - Employers´ obligations
S III - Workers´ obligations

23. Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
S I, A5 – General provision
Employer has a duty to ensure SH of workers
in every aspect related to work
Workers´ obligations in SH do not affect the principle
of the responsibility of the employer

24. Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
S II, A6 – General obligations on employers
Employer has a duty to ensure SH of workers
in every aspect related to work, including:
prevention of occupational risks;
provision of information and training;
provision of necessary organization and means

25. Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
Prevention (concept)
All steps or measures taken or planned at all stages of work
in the undertakings to avoid or reduce occupational risks
APPROACH to OCCUPATIONAL RISKS (and OSH)

26. Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
Occupational risks
Evaluation of risks to SH – the preventive measures
and the working and production methods must:
assure an improvement in the level of protection;
be integrated into all activities and at all hierarchical levels
RISK MANAGEMENT

27. 5. OSH Individual Directives

28. 5. ID – Work Equipment

29. Work Equipment Dir. 89/655/EEC, 95/63/EEC
Sect I - General provisions
Sect II - Employers´ obligations
Sect III - Miscellaneous provisions

30. Work Equipment Dir. 89/655/EEC+amdt
A1. Subject
Requirements for the use of WE by workers at work
A2. Definitions
WE: any machine, apparatus, tool or installation used at work
Use of WE: any activity involving WE such as starting or stoping the equip., its use, transport, repair, modification, maintenance and servicing, including cleaning

31. Work Equipment Dir. 89/655/EEC+Amdt
SII, A3. Gen obligations
Ensure that WE is suitable for the work and may be used without impairment of SH
SII, A4. Rules for WE
SII, A5. WE involving specific risks – Annex I
SII, A6. Worker information
SII, A7. Worker training

32. Work Equipment Dir. 95/63/EEC 5ª) Ergonomics and Occup Health
4a) Inspection of WE
5ª) Ergonomics and Occup Health
ANNEX I

33. Work Equipment Dir. 2001/45/EEC
Temporary work at height

34. Work Equipment Dir. 2001/45/EEC
Ann II. General provisions
When carrying out temporay work at height WE most suitable to ensure and maintain safe working conditions must be selected if a suitable surface is not available
Ann II. Provisions for use of ladders
Ann II. Provision for use of scaffolding
Ann II. Provision for use of rope access / positioning techn.

35. Work Equipment Dir. 2001/45/EEC

36. 5. ID – Personal Protective Equipment

37. PPE Directive 89/656/EEC Sect I - General provisions
Sect II - Employers´ obligations
Sect III - Miscellaneous provisions

38. PPE Directive 89/656/EEC A2. PPE (definition)
All equipment designed to be worn or held by the worker to protect him against one or more hazards likely to endanger his SH
A2. General rule
PPE shall be used when risks cannot be avoided or limited by technical means of collective protection or by measures, methods or procedures of work organization

39. PPE Directive 89/656/EEC A4. General provisions
1. PPE must comply with EU relevant provisions on D/M with respect to SH [NA Directive]
A5. Assessment of PPE
Analysis and assessment of risks which cannot be avoided otherwise;
Definition of PPE characteristics appropriate to the risk to control;
Comparison of available PPE against the defined need

40. Ann I. Risk survey table PPE
PPE Directive 89/656/EEC
Ann I. Risk survey table PPE

41. 5. ID – Chemical / Carcinogen and Mutagenic agents

42. Chemical agents Directive 98/24/EC
Sect I - General provisions
Sect II - Employers´ obligations
Sect III - Miscellaneous provisions

43. Chemical agents Directive 98/24/EC
A1. Objective
1. Protection of workers against risks associated to exposure to chemical agents presents at the workplace
A2. Definitions
Chemical agents – chemical elements or compounds
Hazardous ch. agent – dangerous substances, preparations, or other substances which properties chem / phy / tox pose a risk to SH of workers

44. Chemical agents Directive 98/24/EC
A3. Occupational exposure limit and biological limit values
Indicative OEL values (Directives; +/- 100 agents; SCOEL)
Binding OEL values - Annex I (Lead)
Binding BL values - Annex II (Lead)
SII, A4. Determination and assessment of risk of Haz Chem Ag
Chem. agent properties
Work activities
Level, type duration of exposure
DETERMINATION OF OE

45. Chemical agents Directive 98/24/EC
SII, A4. Determination and assessment of risk of Haz Chem Ag
Strategy for OE determination

46. Carcinogens / mutagens Dir. 2004/37/EEC
Chpt I - General provisions
Chpt II - Employers´ obligations
Chpt III - Miscellaneous provisions

47. Carcinogens / mutagens Dir. 2004/37/EEC
A1. Objective
1. Protection of workers against risks associated to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens laying particular requirements, including limit values
A3. Scope – determination and assessment of risks
2. If an activity is associated to exposure the nature, degree and duration of workers´ exposure should be determined to assess the risk to health and safety
3. The risk assessment should consider all routes of exposure

48. Carcinogens / mutagens Dir. 2004/37/EEC
A4. Reduction and replacement
A5. Prevention and reduction of exposure
2. Manufacture and use in closed system
5. Limitation of quantities; reduced number of exposed workers, engineering controls to minimize the release; evacuation at source; early detection; housekeeping; information to workers; safe storage, handling and transportation; safe collection, storage and disposal

49. Carcinogens / mutagens Dir. 2004/37/EEC
A14. Health surveillance
A15. Record keeping
A16. Limit values
2. in Annex III

50. 5. ID – Explosive Atmospheres

51. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
Sect I - General provisions
Sect II - Employers´ obligations
Sect III - Miscellaneous provisions

52. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
A1. Objective
1. Protection of workers potentially at risk from explosive atmospheres
A2. Definitions
“Explosive atmosphere” means a mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable substances in the form of g / v / mists or dusts in which, after ignition has ocuured, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixtureers

53. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
SII, A3. Prevention and protection against explosions
prevention of formation of expl. atm.;
avoidance of ignition of expl. atm.;
mitigation of effects of expl, to ensure SH of workers

54. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
SII, A4. Assessment of explosion risks
likelihood of expl. atm. occurrence and persistence;
likelihood of ignition sources presence and that become active and effective;
substances, processes, installations and interactions;
effects and related scale

55. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
SII, A4. Assessment of explosion risks
Assessment flowchart - recognition and prevention of explosion risk

56. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC EXPLOSION PROTECTION DOCUMENT

57. Explosive atmospheres Dir. 99/92/EEC
EXPLOSION PROTECTION DOCUMENT
CONTENTS
Risk assessment
Areas classification – Annex I
Organizational, Explosion protection measures - Annex II
Criteria for selection of equipment and protective systems – Annex II
SII, A6. Duty of coordination
SII, A9. Requirements for work equip. and workplaces

58. 6. Conclusions

59. CONCLUSIONS(1)
OSH expresses socially and economically in terms either of number of occupational accidents, diseases or related costs;
OSH legislation addresses (FD) the complete set of issues relevant to occupational risks namely policy, organization, resources and planning;
OSH legislation (ID) addresses specific risks by setting further requirements; 4

60. CONCLUSIONS(2)
OSH legislation requirements fulfilment can be supported, in some cases, on information provided for by dedicated Guides;
OSH legislation is focused on the assessment and control of occupational risks associated to work activities and addressed under a prevention approach 4

61. Teşekkür ederim ! Thank you very much !
João Carlos Costa 4