1. Planning, optimization and regulatory issues
Theme 2
Planning, optimization and regulatory issues
Geza Joos, McGill University
0. Title slide, official project title, researchers, affiliations
You can of course have many more notes, but you should keep your slides as minimal as possible, ideally with diagrams or pictures more than words. The diagrams used in this template are just for ideas: please use your own diagrams where possible.
I've used Tahoma 28-34pt font for text, which you should keep to. The majority of the presentations that I see have text in a 10pt font with as much text as possible jammed into the slide, which the presenter then reads. As soon as the audience figures out that the presenter is reading the text, it reads ahead because it can read faster than you can speak. The result is that the audience gets bored.

2. Definition/features – microgrid
Geographically delimited
Connected to the main grid at one point
fed from one substation
May operate islanded
Includes distributed generation (DG)
renewables (inverter interfaced): wind, solar
fossil fuel based (synchronous generators): CHP
Includes an energy management system
controlling power exchanges, generation and load
with storage and demand response

3. Distributed generation – renewables
Generation close to the load – siting
Advantages/benefits
Green energy – reduced environmental impact
Enhanced reliability and flexibility
Energy cost – competiveness (generated/delivered)
New issues/differences
Output variability – energy and power (ramp rates)
Not schedulable/controllable – must run at MPPT
Impacts – power quality (voltage variations, ramp rates)
Grid integration and operational impact (loading, faults)
Responsibility – maintenance, faulted operation

4. Microgrid implementation issues
Business proposition for the microgrid owner
Economic justification – kW cost, reliability, resiliency
Participation in market/energy supply
Ownership
Private/IPP
Utility
Role and benefit for utilities
Grid support – impact on the transmission system
Role in power system restoration
Operational/regulatory issues
Responsibilities and jurisdiction – right to disconnect

5. Expected developments – smart grids
Smarter distributed energy resources (DER)
More communications between DER
New grid topologies
from point to point (generation to load) to distribution supply points,
from radial to looped
Active DER – voltage/Var regulation
Note: not all of the smart distribution grid technologies are necessary/applicable to smart microgrids

6. Issues addressed in Theme 2
Business case
Justifying the setting up of a new microgrid, optimizing operation, configuring existing distribution systems into microgrids, regulatory issues
Energy supply security
Load management and demand response
Making better use of the energy resources
Case studies – benchmarks, typical systems and use cases

7. Application examples/justification
Isolated/offline microgrids
Remote communities – reducing the cost of electric energy, reliability, environment impact – Canada north
Remote and movable military bases – supply security
Industrial, community and commercial microgrids
Large campuses – GHG reduction (green energy), energy independence – grid support and energy exchanges – BCIT
Military bases – alternative energy supply, benefits of storage (EVs)

8. Projects and personnel in Theme 2
Cost-benefits framework – secondary benefits and ancillary services
Lead: G Joos, McGill University
HQPs: 2 MEng and 1 PhD (equivalent full time); total trained: 3 MEng, 2 PhD
Energy and supply security considerations
Lead: R Iravani, University of Toronto
HQPs: 2 MEng and 1 PhD (equivalent full time); total trained: 2 MEng, 4 PhD

9. Theme 2 projects and personnel
Demand response technologies and strategies – energy management and metering
Lead: K Bhattacharya, University of Waterloo
HQPs: 2 MEng and 1 PhD (equivalent full time); total trained: 5 MEng, 3 PhD
Integration design guidelines and performance metrics
Organization to be determined

10. Solutions and deliverables
Methodology for cost-benefit analysis of microgrids (P2.1)
Application to remote communities
Microgrids energy management (P2.2)
Quantification of impacts and benefits of the microgrid and electrically-close multiple microgrids
Demand response (P2.3)
Load models, taking into account temporal and locational electricity prices, for demand management

11. Linkages – Industrial network partners
NRCan
P2.1 – remote communities, business cases (on going)
P2.3 – demand response (on going)
Hydro-Quebec/IREQ
P2.1 – remote communities (on going)
BC Hydro
P2.1 – business cases (discussions)
Hydro One
P2.3 – demand response management (on going)
Schneider Electric
P2.3 – demand response controller (potential)

12. Linkages – Industrial network partners
CYME
P2.2 – network simulation
P2.4 – benchmarks and use cases (potential)
Manitoba HVDC
P2.2 – network simulation, BCIT microgrid (on going)

13. Linkages – other themes/researchers
P2.1 with P1.4 – remote communities (on going)
P2.1 with P1.1 – control of DER (on going)
Theme 3
P2.1 with P3.4 – operation of the grid (discussions)
P2.2 with P3.2 – operation of microgrid (potential)
P2.1 with P3.2 – energy management (potential)
Within Theme 2
P2.1 with P2.3 – demand response (potential)
P2.2, P2.2 with P2.4 – models, benchmarks (potential)

14. Relevance to Canadian industry/utility
Deliverables include
Methodologies for evaluating business cases
Control approaches for the operation microgrids – DER control and energy management
Configuration of microgrids and interaction between microgrids – evaluation towards an intelligent distribution grid
Differences with other jurisdictions
Distribution system configuration (single phase feeders)
Urban, rural and remote microgrids have differing requirements
European microgrid solutions do not generally apply