1. Migration Images

2. Why People Migrate Reasons for migrating Distance of migration
Push & pull factors
• Economic • Cultural • Environmental
– Intervening obstacles/opportunities
Distance of migration
Internal migration
International migration
Characteristics of migrants
Gender
Family status

3. Refugees: Sources & Destinations
Fig. 3-1: Major source and destination areas of both international and internal refugees.

4. Hurricane Katrina Migrants
A major natural disaster represents an environmental push factor for forced migration.

5. Scene from The Grapes of Wrath
The Dust Bowl in the 1930s led to forced migration from the Great Plains to California and elsewhere.

6. Global Migration Patterns
Fig. 3-2: The major flows of migration are from less developed to more developed countries.

7. Net Migration (per population)
Fig. 3-3: Net migration per 1000 population. The U.S. has the largest number of immigrants, but other developed countries also have relatively large numbers.

8. Migration to U.S., by Region of Origin
Fig. 3-4: Most migrants to the U.S were from Europe until the 1960s. Since then, Latin America and Asia have become the main sources of immigrants.

9. New York Harbor and Ellis Island
Ellis Island is connected to New Jersey by bridge. Liberty Island and the Statue of Liberty are south of Ellis Island.

10. Ellis Island

11. Immigrants to the US

12. Migration from Asia to the U.S.
Fig. 3-5: The largest numbers of migrants from Asia come from India, China, the Philippines, and Vietnam.

13. Migration from Latin America to the U.S.
Fig. 3-6: Mexico has been the largest source of immigrants to the U.S., but immigrants have also come from numerous other Latin American nations.

14. Undocumented Immigrants in the US
Fig. 3-7: California, Texas, and Florida are the leading destinations for undocumented immigrants to the U.S.

15. U.S. - Mexico Border at Tijuana
The U.S. side of the border is uninhabited and separated from Mexico by a fence

16. U.S. States as Immigrant Destinations
Fig. 3-8: California is the destination of about 25% of all US immigrants; another 25% go to New York and New Jersey. Other important destinations include Florida, Texas, and Illinois.

17. Guest Workers in Europe
Fig. 3-9: Guest workers emigrate mainly from Eastern Europe and North Africa to work in the wealthier countries of Western Europe.

18. Turkish Kebab Stand in Germany

19. Emigration from China
Fig. 3-10: Various ethnic Chinese peoples have distinct patterns of migration to other Asian countries.

20. Migration of Vietnamese Boat People
Fig. 3-11: Many Vietnamese fled by sea as refugees after the war with the U.S. ended in Later boat people were often considered economic migrants.

21. Anti-Immigration Protest in Spain
Spanish youths attacked Moroccan immigrants in El Ejido, Spain after an alleged murder.

22. Migration within a Country
Migration between regions of a country
Migration between regions within the U.S
Migration between regions in other countries
Migration within one region
Rural-urban migration
Urban-suburban migration
Migration from metropolitan to nonmetropolitan regions

23. Center of Population in the U.S.
Fig. 3-12: The center of U.S. population has consistently moved westward, with the migration of people to the west. It has also begun to move southward with migration to the southern sunbelt.

24. Echo Canyon, northeastern Utah
Echo Canyon was one of many obstacles to 19th century wagon trains heading west.

25. Interregional Migration in the U.S.
Fig. 3-13: Average annual migrations between regions in the U.S. in 1995 and in 2003

26. U.S. Interregional Migration, 1995

27. U.S. Interregional Migration, 2003

28. Brasilia, Brazil
Brasilia was created as Brazil’s new capital in 1960 and since then has attracted thousands of migrants in search of jobs.

29. Intraregional Migration in the U.S.
Fig. 3-14: Average annual migration among urban, suburban, and rural areas in the U.S. during the 1990s. The largest flow was from central cities to suburbs.

30. Net Migration by County, 2000-04
Fig. 3-15: Rural counties in the southwest and Florida have had net in-migration, while there has been net out-migration from rural counties in the Great Plains