1. Chapter 26
The Indian Perimeter

2. Natural Environment
1. What are the main physical features of the Indian Perimeter?
2. What types of climates, plants, and animals are found there?
What natural resources do countries in the region have?

3. Physical Features 5 Countries form the perimeter around India Pakistan
Largest of the perimeter
Huge Mountains here – 4 peaks higher than 26,000ft
Nepal
Everest lives here
Bhutan
BOTH landlocked
Bangladesh
Very populated, very wet!!!!
Sri Lanka
Tropical Island
Maldives
1200 small coral islands

4. Climates Peaks of Himalyas are some the coldest places on Earth
Yet Sri Lanka and the Maldives have warm tropical climates
Crazy Storms occur in the Bay of Bengal
Called typhoons(hurricanes), winds can reach 150mph
Storm Surge can pile up water and cause floods.
More than 1 Million ppl have died because of these storms since 1700.

5. History and Culture
What is the History of the countries of the Indian Perimeter?
What are some characteristics of the region’s cultures?

6. Empires Aryans – 1500 BC Turkic Muslims – 1000 A.D
Muslim Mughal Empire – 1500
1700’s-Europeans were sailing here to set up colonies and expand their empires.
British eventually came to control most of the entire subcontinent.

7. Modern Period Britain granted India independence in 1947
To avoid civil war, they split India into Pakistan and India. India was mostly Hindu and Pakistan was mostly Muslim.
Pakistan also included where modern day Bangladesh is. So you had West Pakistan(present day) and East Pakistan which is presently Bangladesh.
East Pakistan wanted independence and in 1971, they broke away and became independent Bangladesh.

8. Culture Pakistans official language is Urdu.
Very similar to Hindi, except it is
Tfel ot thgir morf nettirw
Very low literacy rate
Too few schools and teachers to keep up with the growing populations.

9. Education Very low literacy Rates
Too few schools and too few teachers for the growing populations.
99% United States vs 43% Bangladesh

10. Religion The region has a variety of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam.
Religion typically represents past events and historical migration patterns.
Pakistan, Bangladesh and Maldives are mostly Muslim
Hindu’s fled to India
Muslims fled to Pakistan (West and East)
East is now bangladesh

11. Economic Activities
Just like India, most of the surrounding countries rely heavily on agriculture.
Some of the poorest countries in the World are here.
Except for Pakistan, these countries have very limited resources and minerals.

12. Population
Pakistan and Bangladesh each have more than 130 million people.
Population Density Comparisons
United States – 76 p/square mile
Bangladesh – 2361 p/square mile
Sri Lanka- 766 p/square mile
These populations are very dense along fertile valleys and good farming areas.

13. Challenges
Poverty is a huge problem, as is in most developing countries.
The high population rates only make poverty worse
Flooding is a concern in the Maldives and Bangladesh because of the low flat terrain that is at sea level.
Political differences and disputes between countries make matters worse.