1. Royal Institute, London: 21 January, 2015
Digital Learning Futures The Shape of Minds to Come
Steve Wheeler
Plymouth University
United Kingdom
@timbuckteeth
Invited presentation for the BETT Show 2014, 22 January 2014
Royal Institute, London: 21 January, 2015

2. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Image Credits:

3. “The average digital birth of children happens at about six months.”
It’s a girl!
“The average digital birth of children happens at about six months.”

4. Learning
is changing

5. 3 biggest fears of a teacher using technology
How do I make this work?
How do I avoid looking like an idiot?
{They will know more about this than I do}

6. 3 biggest fears of a student using technology

7. I showed my 12 year old son an old floppy disk….
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
He said “Wow… Cool!
You 3D printed the Save Icon!”

8. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
“For the first time we are preparing students for a future we cannot clearly describe.”
- David Warlick
Photo by Steve Wheeler

9. “I never teach my students.
I only provide the conditions in which they can learn.”
- Albert Einstein
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

10. Wisdom Knowledge Surface Learning Strategic Learning Deep Learning
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Knowledge
Surface Learning
Strategic Learning
Wisdom
Deep Learning
Source: Marton and Saljo

11. Knowledge Wisdom Transformation Declarative Knowledge Procedural
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014
Declarative
Knowledge
Comprehension
Knowing that
Knowing how
Procedural
Application
Analysis
Evaluation
Critical
Knowing why

12. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014

13. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Traditionally, students have been taught en masse, in lectures where learning is predominantly passive and the lecturer holds control of knowledge.

14. Personal windows on the world
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
With the advent of new technologies, and the move toward personalised, student owned technology, lectures are changing – not always in the way they are managed, but certainly students are gaining more control over knowledge, and becoming more proactive in their learning.

15. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014

16. We learn by doing (Piaget, 1950)
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
The old cognitive constructivist approach was for personalise, solo enquiry – private study and investigation (research)
Photo by Steve Wheeler

17. We learn by making (Papert, 1960)
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
We learn by making (Papert, 1960)
Photo by Steve Wheeler

18. User generated content
Learning by making
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Learning 2.0
User generated content

20. Sharing and Amplifying Tagging and Bookmarking User generated content
Architecture of participation
Sharing and Amplifying
Collaborating
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Curation
Learning 2.0
Tagging and Bookmarking
Aggregation
User generated content
Voting
Networking

21.
“I am convinced that the best learning takes place when the learner takes charge.”
– Seymour Papert
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Newer approaches challenge cognitive constructivism. Vygotskiian approaches incorporate social learning, and Papert advocates learning by making and building (constructionism).

22. Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Networks

23. Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Networks

24. Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Networks

25. Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Networks

26. Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Networks

27. Crowdsourcing knowledge: Building your PLN
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Crowdsourcing knowledge: Building your PLN

28. Distributed Cognition
“ ‘I store my knowledge in my friends’ …is an axiom for collecting knowledge… through collecting people”.
- Karen Stephenson
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Distributed Cognition
Paragogy
Heutagogy

30. Digital Cultural Capital – Membership of ‘the Tribe’
“Where digital communication has fractured the tyranny of distance, and computers have become pervasive and ubiquitous, identification through digital mediation has become the new cultural capital”.
Wheeler (2009)
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
We store our knowledge with our friends – connectivism – is our new ethos for learning while membership of the tribe becomes the new cultural capital.

31. The First Mobile Phone
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

32. What is this? Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
http//wordle.com

33. Barack Obama’s inauguration speech …
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
…in Wordle
http//wordle.com

34. What is this?
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
ur spshl. we want wot u want & urth 2b like hvn. giv us food & 4giv r sins lyk we 4giv uvaz. don't test us! save us! bcos we kno ur boss. ur tuf & ur cool 4 eva! ok?

35. ‘Squeeze’ Text
The competition was for re-writing the Lord's Prayer for the mobile phone, using just 160 characters or less. It was judged for Ship of Fools by the Churches' Broadcasting Conference. The task itself was not easy. The traditional version of the Lord's Prayer is 372 characters long, so whittling it down to 160 characters meant cutting the prayer by more than half but without losing anything important.
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

36. ...and in second place…
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
r pa in evan, respect 2 u, may u rain ear as in evan. giv us r needs, 4giv r sin as we 4giv r nmes. resq us from the evil 1. 4 ur always the most xlent dude. yo

37. ‘Change is not linear – it’s exponential’ - Kurzweil
The pathways have already crossed. In 2014 there were more mobile phone subscriptions than people on the planet. The implications of this are staggering, and we may only now be seeing the start of its influence on education.
‘Change is not linear – it’s exponential’ - Kurzweil

38. LIVE

39. Students taking notes Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Technology changes our relationship with knowledge.
Photo: Lori Cullen
Students taking notes

40. Students making Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo: Steve Wheeler

41. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo: Steve Wheeler

42. Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo: Steve Wheeler

43. curiosity Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo: Steve Wheeler

44. Student Makerspaces

47. Personal Learning Environments
My PLN
Personal Learning Environments
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Other Tools
My PLE
Games
Graphic by Steve Wheeler

48. Minecraft
Image source: Sean Drellinger

49. Assessment of Learning? or… Assessment for Learning?

52. Ipsative assessment?

53. Voice and natural gesture interfaces

54. We are family Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

55. Wii are family! Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

56. Flow Channel Anxiety Boredom SKILLS CHALLENGE
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi, 1991
CHALLENGE
SKILLS
Low
High
Flow Channel
Anxiety
Boredom
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

57. Anxiety Boredom SKILLS CHALLENGE P1 P2 P3 P4
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
CHALLENGE
SKILLS
Low
High
Anxiety
Boredom
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015 P1 P2 P3 P4

58. What I can learn on my own
ZPD and scaffolding
Technology and tools
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Knowledgeable others
Beyond my reach
What I can learn with help
(ZPD)
What I can learn on my own

59. Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
CHALLENGE
SKILLS
Low
High
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Anxiety
Boredom
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

60.
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Computers as ‘mind tools’ for the engaging of learners in critical thinking
- David Jonassen
Technology changes the way we learn – our tools become extensions of not only our abilities but also our minds.

62. ‘New’ learners are... more self-directed
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
more self-directed
better equipped to capture information
more reliant on feedback from peers
more inclined to collaborate
more oriented toward being their own
“nodes of production”.
New learners create their own environments, content and opportunities.
Education Trends | Featured News John K. Waters—13 December 2011

63. - Abraham Lincoln on the ‘selfie’
“Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him an iPhone.”
- Abraham Lincoln on the ‘selfie’
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

64. “60% of all Internet pages contain misleading information.”
- Thomas Edison
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Learners need ‘digital literacies’

65. Learners will need new ‘literacies’
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Social networking
Privacy maintenance
Identity management
Creating content
Organising content
Reusing and repurposing
Filtering and selecting
Self presention
Transliteracy

66. Learning 2.0 – Digital Literacies
Mastery
Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Literacies
Competencies
Skills
Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)

67. Skills for Learning 2.0 Complexity Context Connection Connotation
Adapted from: Mark Federman (2012)
Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)

68.
Don’t limit a child to your own learning, for he was born in another time.
- Rabindranath Tagore

69. With thanks to my students:
Tyla Elworthy
Aaron Fisher
Alex Druce