1. Organic Chemistry Chemistry involving compounds that involve primarily C, H, O

2. Formulas or Formulae Molecular Empirical Structural – Condensed Struc. Form. “R” (CH 2 ) x

3. Structural (or Constitutional) Isomers What are they? Given a formula, draw some Given struc. formulae, identify them

4. IUPAC Naming # of C – Meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec Numbering carbons – Longest chain of C – From end with first branching

5. Functional groups Group of atoms bonded together that result in similar properties – Alcohols – Aldehyde – Ketone – Carboxylic Acids – Halides – Amine (ID w/ in struc only) Prim sec & tertiary – Benzene (ID w/ in struc only) – Ester (ID w/ in struc only)

6. Func. & naming Group of atoms bonded together that result in similar properties – Alcohols (hydroxyl) Name ends in -ol – Aldehyde-al – Ketone-one – Carboxylic Acids-oic acid – Halides name starts with … – Amine (ID w/ in struc only) Prim sec & tertiary – Benzene (ID w/ in struc only) – Ester (ID w/ in struc only)

7. Writing struc. form. w/ func. grp. What is a possible struc form for a molecule with… – Ketone C 4 H 8 O – Aldehyde C 6 H 12 O – Carboxylic acid C 5 H 10 O 2 – Halide C 2 H 5 Cl

8. Other isomers Cis-trans

9. Objectives Distinguish between Empirical, Molecular and Structural formulas – structural formula shows unambiguously how the atoms are arranged together – a condensed structural formula can omit bonds between atoms and can show identical groups bracketed together. use of symbols like “R” and a benzene ring can be shown in condensed formulas (skeletal formulas will not be excepted) Describe structural isomers as compounds with the same molecular formula but with different arrangements of atoms (stereoisomerism not required) Deduce structural formulas for the isomers of non-cyclic alkanes up to C6 (both straight and branched chain isomers) Apply IUPAC rules for the non-cyclic alkanes up to C6 Deduce structural formulas for the isomers of the straight-chained alkenes up to C6

10. Objectives Apply IUPAC rules for naming the isomers of the straight-chain alkenes (distinction between cis and trans not required) Deduce structural formulas for compounds containing up to 6 C atoms with one of the following functional groups: Alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, and halide Identify the following functional groups when present in structural formulas: Amino or amine (NH2), benzene (the ring), and esters (RCOOC) Identify primary, secondary, and tertiary carbon atoms in alcohols and holgenalkanes (the terms prime., sec., and tert. can also be applied to the molecules containing these carbon atoms Discuss the volatility and solubility in water of compounds containing the following functional groups: Alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, and halide