1. 9.1

2. 9.2 Start Goal Doors Curtains

3. 9.3 Food area Typical entrance into the foraging area (1) (3) Pond N Displaced to a new location (2) Trees Bushes

4. X“A” “G” 4.5 cm 2.4 cm 9.4

5. 9.5 Trial 1Trial 2Test

6. 9.6

7. 9.7 “Person” “Car” R1 “Person” R3 “Car” “Person” R3 R1 “Flower” “Chair” R4 R2 “Flower” R4 Phase 1Phase 2Choice Test “Flower” “Chair” R2

8. 9.8

9. 9.9 (a) (b) (c) Key: Cut Wash Draw?

10. 9.10

11. 9.11 Leopards Eagles Snakes Adult male Adult female Juvenile male 0.5 s 1 5 kHz 1 5 1 5

12. 9.12

13. 9.13

14. 9.14 RivalSubject (e) Full (f) Half (g) Clear (h) Side (a) (b) (c) (d) RivalSubject