1. Study of SAP R/3 Architecture
Submitted by:
Manjinder Singh Sohi

2. Outline What is SAP? SAP R/3 Architecture Components of SAP R/3
Features of SAP R/3
Issues
Conclusion
Manjinder Singh Sohi

3. What is SAP?
SAP (System Application and Product) is the name of the biggest European German Software company as well as the name of software itself.
The company was founded in 1972 by the five IBM employees.
SAP R/3 Software has been developed using ABAP/4 as a programming language.
SAP is the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system that aims to integrate all the different modules(SD,MM,CO,HR etc) in the company.The integration results in consistency of data throught out the system and the company as a whole.
As of 2005, SAP employs over 28,900 people in more than 50 countries.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

4. SAP R/3 Architecture
SAP R/3 is one of the main product of SAP,where R stands for RealTime and the number 3 relates to three tier application architecture(Data base,Application Server and Client).
Most of the business in todays world runs on SAP R/3 system.About 80% of the companies implemented this software.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

5. SAP R/3 Architecture (Continued)
Manjinder Singh Sohi

6. Components of SAP R/3 Architecture
Internet communication Manager(ICM)-set up connection to internet. Supports protocol HTTP,SMTP.
Dispatcher distributes the requests to the work processes. If all the processes are occupied then the requests are stored in dispatcher queue.
ABAP Work Process executes the ABAP code.
SAP gateway makes the RFC interface between SAP instances available.
Message server exchanges the messages and balances the load.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

7. Features Scalability Open Standard Support Robustness
Manjinder Singh Sohi

8. Feature-Scalability
The architecture is such that it can be easily scalable if the load at one server is increased.
As application is independent from the data base and the presentation layer then the servers can be replicated in order to balance the load.
Gateway component using RFC adds many SAP servers to it.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

9. Feature-Supports open standards
SAP R/3 architecture is designed to be support most of the open standard available today.It can run on UNIX,NT,AIX etc.
Customization language used:ABAP/4
Netweaver:ABAP/4 and JAVA
Manjinder Singh Sohi

10. Robustness SAP R/3 is highly robust as a whole.
All the components work in the coordinated manner.
So they will work as a whole in order to solve the unexpected scenario.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

11. Issues No cache memory in ICM
In SAP R/3 architecture ,clients treated as dumb terminals.
Complex Architecture
No Support for other languages.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

12. Issues:No Cache ICM(Internet Connection Manager)
ICM uses the threads to parallelize the load that comes up.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

13. Issue:R/3 models desktops as dumb terminals
Today desktops are very powerful and they can be used to do a large part of computation.
But in SAP,there is other way round.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

14. Issue:Complex Architecture
Today the technology is changing so fast that the code of SAP R/3 architecture becomes large and more complex.
So the possibility of falls behind and not keeping up with the current technology..
Manjinder Singh Sohi

15. Issue:No support for other languages.
SAP R/3 architecture only supports ABAP/4 language.
New architecture from SAP-Netweaver supports JAVA also.
But still support for other popular languages C/C++ etc left.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

16. In the Nut-shell
Even though SAP R/3 architecture supports scalability,security etc but still there are many issues that are to be resolved.
Issues:No cache,customization problem,No Programming language support(C/C++),Complex architecture,treat clients as dumb.
Manjinder Singh Sohi

17. References
accessed April 20,2005)
Original SAP R/3 release 6.20 (2003) Library Documentation.
SAP-Help UTD-SOM(SAP Users Group)
accessed April 20,2004]
www. sapfans.com/[date accessed April 20,2005]
Manjinder Singh Sohi