1. RITAMBHARA CHAUHAN-ES12B1015 SAVIT VARCHASVI ALURI-ES12B1017
INDEPENDENT PROJECT
RITAMBHARA CHAUHAN-ES12B1015
SAVIT VARCHASVI ALURI-ES12B1017

2. Temperature Controlled Switch

3. Temperature controlled switch

4. Temperature controlled switch
When the LM35DZ(An IC included in a circuit) detects a temperature higher than a preset level, the LED is switched on.
So basically the circuit can be used in circuits where a device can be made operational or non-operational when temperature variations occur.
This is a circuit which can be used in applications where automatic temperature control is needed.

5. Components used
IC1 :   LM35DZ  Precision Celsius (Centigrade) Temperature sensor   IC2 :  TL431  +2.5V precision voltage reference  IC3 :  LM358  Dual single supply Op-amp.  LED1 -- 3mm or 5mm LED  Q1 -- General purpose PNP transistor ( A1015,...) with E-C-B pin-out)   D1, D2  -- 1N4148 silicon diodes (or 1SS133) D3, D4  -- 1N400x (x=2,,,,.7) rectifier diodes ZD1 --- Zener diode,  13V, 400mW Preset (trim pot) :  2.2K   (Temperature set point)                            (# 222 or  2k2)

6. Components used Resistor : ( 1/4W or 1/6W)R1 -- 10K R2 -- 4.7M
Capacitors :
C1  µF ceramic or mylar cap          (# 104 or 100n)

7. Working…..
The heart of the circuit is the LM35DZ temperature sensor which is factory-calibrated in the Celsius (or Centigrade) scale with a linearDegree->Volt conversion function.
The output voltage (at pin 2)  changes linearly with temperature from 0V  (0oC)  to  1000mV (100oC). This greatly simplifies the circuit design as we only need to provide a precision voltage reference (TL431) and an accurate comparator (A1 of LM358) in order to construct a complete thermal-controlled switch.

8. Working….
The preset (VR1) & resistor (R3) from a variable voltage divider which sets a reference voltage (Vref) form 0V ~ 1.62V. The op-amp (A2) buffers the reference voltage so as to avoid loading the divider network (VR1 & R3).  The comparator (A1) compares the reference voltage Vref  (set by VR1) with the output voltage of LM35DZ and decides whether to switch on or switch off the LED.
We can set a specific temperature according to our wish with the help of voltage across the variable resistor.
When the temperature in the surroundings is higher then a specific value, then it gets switched on. And when temperature is again low it is switched off.

9. Temperature controlled switch…

10. Thank You!!!!!!